More recently, the concept of integrated forest biorefinery (IFBR) has received much attention as a promising solution for the struggling forest industry in North America and Europe to overcome its difficult financial period and competes globally. This new business paradigm offers a broad range of potentially attractive products, from bioenergy to value-added green organic chemicals in addition...

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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the risk Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylenes in the paint plants of two automotive industries in Iran by using the COSHH guideline and by measuring the ambient concentration of these chemicals. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in two phases, in phase one the BTEX ambient concentration was measured in three unites of pai...

This article presents information on employment and payroll generated per unit volume of timber or wood fiber processed by the various manufacturing sectors of Montana's forest products industry for 19871989. Average employment ranged from a high of 117 workers per million cubic feet (mmcf) of wood fiber processed at house log plants, to a low of 12 workers per mmcf at stud mills. Employment-co...

In anticipating future rates of adoption of new technology in forest products, several uniquely important factors come into play. In this respect, the role of innovations imported from other industries, the effect of raw material shortages, the importance of economic factors in adoption of innovations, and the problems presented by the heterogeneity of wood raw material and finished products ar...

Interim Reports on work of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis receive only limited review. Views or opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Institute, its National Member Organizations, or other organizations supporting the work. carry out a large-scale study on the Siberian forest sector. The overall objective of the study is to focus on policy...