Conversion of wastewater to reclaimed water for crop irrigation conserves water and is an effective way to handle a growing urban problem: the disposal of wastewater. Water Conserv II is a large reclaimed water project developed by Orlando and Orange County, Fla., that presently irrigates ≈1900 ha of citrus. The project includes a research component to evaluate the response of citrus to irrigat...

As in many other countries, the poor economic rate of return of many past irrigation projects in India contributed to the decline in irrigation investment and lending by international agencies, especially since the 1990s (Gulati and Narayanan 2003, Pitman 2002, Jones 1995). Furthermore, these low rates of economic return may have diminished the poverty reduction impacts of such irrigation proje...

AIM To monitor ex vivo intra-canal irrigation with three endodontic needles (25, 27 and 30 gauge) and compare them in terms of irrigant flow rate, intra-barrel pressure, duration of irrigation and volume of irrigant delivered. METHODOLOGY A testing system was constructed to allow measurement of selected variables with pressure and displacement transducers during ex vivo intra-canal irrigation...

Proper N fertilizer and irrigation management can reduce nitrate leaching while maintaining crop yield, which is critical to enhance the sustainability of vegetable production on soils with poor water and nutrient-holding capacities. This study evaluated different methods to measure nitrate leaching in mulched drip-irrigated zucchini, pepper, and tomato production systems. Fertigation rates wer...

the objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertigation frequency on lint yield, lint properties, chlorophyll content (spad readings), and the photosynthesis rate (pr) of cotton. this study was carried out in the southeastern anatolia region of turkey in 2011 and 2012 with drip-irrigated cotton. the maximum lint yield (1,856 kg ha-1) was obtained with one lateral for e...

Saline irrigation has been shown to be both experimentally and clinically efficacious in decreasing bacterial contamination as well as decreasing infection rates. The dynamics of irrigation delivery fall into two primary categories: simultaneous and intermittent irrigation. An important component to irrigation therapy is distribution of irrigation solution to hard-to-reach areas of a wound bed,...

To assessment growth physiological charachteristics of two hybrids of sweet corn affected different irrigation pattern and zinc fertilization, a research was conducted as split plot factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Main factor included different levels of irrigation pattern included conventional furrow irrigation, fixed every other furrow ...