OBJECTIVE The paper describes novel real-time 'in situ mapping' and 'sequential occlusion angiography' to facilitate selective ischaemia robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) using intraoperative contrast enhanced ultrasound scan (CEUS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were collected and assessed for 60 patients (61 tumours) between 2009 and 2013. 31 (50.8%) tumours underwent 'Global Ischaemia', 27 (4...

Neuroprotective activity with magnesium associated with animal models of cerebral ischaemia, seizure, perinatal hypoxia/ischaemia, subarachnoid haemorrhage and traumatic brain injury has provided the justification for clinical stroke trials. However, the recent IMAGES stroke clinical trial found magnesium to be largely ineffective. Hence, due to the negative stroke trial outcome, current FAST-M...

BACKGROUND Autonomic neuropathy provides a mechanism for the absence of symptoms in silent myocardial ischaemia, but characterisation of the type of neuropathy is lacking. AIM To characterise and compare autonomic nerve function in patients with silent and symptomatic myocardial ischaemia. METHODS AND RESULTS The Valsalva manoeuvre, heart rate variation (HRV) in response to deep breathing a...

Apoptosis is a crucial event that can initiate ischaemia-reperfusion induced inflammation and subsequent tissue injury. Myocardial ischaemia reperfusion is associated with activation of intracellular death proteases known as calpains. Myocardial ischaemia was induced in isolated rat heart which was subjected to 30 min ischaemia followed by reperfusion for 120min. The effect of calpain inhibitor...

PURPOSE To determine the relationship between retinal ischaemia and the presence of macular oedema (DMO) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) using ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) imaging. METHODS A retrospective review of 122 eyes of 70 treatment-naïve diabetic patients who underwent diagnostic UWFA using the Optos 200Tx imaging system. Two independent, masked graders qu...

Acute limb ischaemia is both a limb-threatening and life-threatening surgical emergency. The clinical presentation of acute limb ischaemia can vary depending on the underlying aetiology as well as pathophysiology. While traumatic acute limb ischaemia becomes obvious in a trauma victim, nontraumatic ischaemia can be easily mistaken for other neurological or medical conditions. The rapidity with ...

British Journal of Hospital Medicine, December 2008, Vol 69, No 12 635 Mesenteric ischaemia occurs when the intestinal blood supply cannot meet the demand. It is divided into three main types: acute mesenteric ischaemia, chronic mesenteric ischaemia (intestinal angina) and colonic ischaemia (ischaemic colitis). Acute mesenteric ischaemia is a catastrophic abdominal emergency characterized by su...

a short account of arterial hypertension due to renal ischaemia is given. the authors report a case of hoy of 15 who was suffering from hypertension due to hypoplasia of one kidney. removal of the diseased kidney was followed hy the fall of his hlood pressure to normal.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Injuries caused by ischaemia and ischaemia/reperfusion in the small intestine have been widely accepted as resulting in necrosis. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether apoptosis also occurs. METHODS Intestinal epithelium from rats subjected to ischaemia (15-90 minutes) and ischaemia/reperfusion (15 minutes ischaemia followed by 15-75 minutes of reperfusion) was st...

AIMS Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients often develop left--ventricular subendocardial ischaemia, a cause of chest symptoms, despite normal epicardial coronary arteries. The aim of this study was to examine whether ultrasonic tissue characterization or late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can detect subendocardial ischaemia in patients with HCM. METHODS AN...