Copyright © 2014, Iranian Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ISRAPM); Published by Kowsar Corp. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. There are many references in ancient Iranian literature on...

the second section of this paper deals with examples regarding the impact of islamic culture ; iranian tendencies toward islam before the arab invasion ; the impact of iranian culture on islamic culture, after arab invasion; the impact of iranian political culture on the arab's ruling systems. to do this, the most important and valid sources will be employed.

A. The reviewers asked to expand the links between culture, religion and discrimination. Specifically mention to page 5, line participants were subject to “discrimination by Islamic religious officials with some feeling reluctant to access medical services...." The authors have clarified the ways in which actions by the religious community influence medical providers' opinions and trans women's...

Since at least the sixteenth century, the areas of the present day regions of Harar and Wallo have been important centres of teaching and diffusion of Islam as well as of preservation of Islamic culture and education. Preachers and scholars from these areas played a decisive role in the introduction and dissemination of the faith in the country, especially in the eighteenth and nineteenth centu...

amulet prayers or the so called “ad'iyatul-hirz,” are a genre of islamic liturgical literature, prevailing among all muslims, especially in shiite culture. it is of importance to study these texts, whether in order to formulate the history of islamic liturgies, or to perceive the development of islamic culture and civilization, or to achieve a meaning tool for dating muslim traditions. as ...

In seeking to understand the root causes of the events of 9/11 many accounts have turned to Samuel P. Huntington’s provocative and controversial thesis of a ‘clash of civilizations’, arousing strong debate. Evidence from the 1995-2001 waves of the World Values Survey/European Values Survey (WVS/EVS) allows us, for the Ž rst time, to examine an extensive body of empirical evidence relating to th...

moving toward third millennium is characterized by capabilities in transforming human life. specially, development of information technologies in everyday life lead to great changes in communication tools andour current understanding ofurban social life. indeed, telecommunications because of independency from time—space constraints, provide a new unlimited space for social interactions in globa...

Department of Community Medicine, International Islamic University, Malaysia. Department of Internal Medicine, International Islamic University, Malaysia. Institute of Education, International Islamic University, Malaysia. Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, International Islamic University, Malaysia. Pharmaceutical Chemistry, International Islamic University, Malaysia. Department of Family Medicine,...