The main alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes of human bile have been purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Characteristics of the isoenzymes, such as electrophoretic mobility before and after butanol extraction, Michaelis constant, and change in electrophoretic mobility following exposure to neuraminidase have been studied and compared with isoenzymes from other sources. The results show that ...

Earlier studies have identified two main isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase in the sera of patients with obstructive liver disease. This paper reports on a study of these isoenzymes in specific types of liver disease where the pathology in relation to bile duct obstruction is known. The results have been used to support the theory that in biliary obstruction the increase in serum alkaline phosp...

The aim of this study was to Investigate the toxic effects of chromium and cadmium on the activity of two isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase in vitro and in vivo experiments. Oral administration and peritoneal injection of  CdCl2 or CrCl3 in rats reduced serum alkaline phosphatase by 21.5℅ and 25.5℅ respectively. At the same time high molecular weight alkaline phosphatase was elevated by 138℅ a...

We used ion-exchange column chromatography and electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel to compare the acid phosphatase isoenzymes of prostate and leukocytes. The major isoenzyme of the prostate is band 2A; only a trace of band 2B was observed. However, the major isoenzymes of leukocytes are band 4 and band 2B, and only a small amount of band 2A was observed. The three isoenzymes isolated from leu...

Transglutaminase (TGase) isoenzymes are involved in the process of the differentiation and cornification of keratinocytes in the epidermis. This study investigates the presence and localization of three TGase isoenzymes to elucidate the nature and differentiation status of the squamous epithelium in human aural cholesteatoma. Twenty cholesteatoma specimens were used. The presence and localizati...

We have developed a reverse transcription-PCR method that clearly distinguishes between the RNA transcripts of all four alkaline phosphatase (AP) genes. If compared to the methods used up to the present, the main advantages of the reverse transcription-PCR method presented are its specificity and high sensitivity. The germ cell AP and the placental AP, which are the two most closely related AP ...

Myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60 contains fluoride-sensitive, myeloid-associated isoenzymes of nonspecific esterase that increase in activity when cultures are treated with phorbol ester. These isoenzymes are not detectable in B-lymphoblast cell line KLM-2, either in control or in phorbol-ester-treated cultures. No increased de novo synthesis of the isoenzymes is detectable in HL-60 treated wit...

Darunavir is a nonpeptidic inhibitor of protease and primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) isoenzymes. It usually coadministered with low-dose ritonavir (Darunavir/r). Ritonavir an CYP3A isoenzymes pharmacologically enhances which leads to increased plasma concentrations darunavir allows for daily lower dose. Here, we have developed combination SR formulation evaluated. In vitro d...