Abstract Silver nanoparticle is useful metallic due to plasmonic property. One of the most important application silver enhancing Raman spectrum using so-called surface-enhanced spectroscopy (SERS). Mostly, researchers synthesize colloidal nanoparticles and deposite on substrate form SERS substrates. In this work, we simplified synthesis by use microwave. We have successfully grown unpolished s...

Jajarm Alumina Plant, the only Alumina powder producer in Iran, generates 500,000 tons of red mud annually. The commonest method for final disposal of red mud in Iran is Tailing dam which is neither cost-effective nor environmentally-friendly. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the possibility of red mud recovery to be used for stabilization of loose soils. Red mud samples have bee...

The kaolinite of the Duikhala Deposite in Iraqi Western Desert underwent intercalation with potassium acetate (KAc) and was subsequently washing water several times. More than 70% achieved checked using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique by observing a decrease peak intensity 7.2 Å appearance at 14 after two days intercalation. surface area cation exchange capacity were increased treated sample ...

Nowadays, kriging has been accepted as the most common method of grade estimation in mineral resource evaluation stage. Access to the crisp assay data and a variogram model are the necessary means for the utilization of this method. Since fitting a crisp variogram model is generally difficult, if not impossible, the fitted theoretical model is usually tainted with uncertainty due to various rea...