Back ground: Acid fast bacilli (AFB) positivity using modified Ziehl Neelsen (MZN) staining and jar method was studied in sputum samples obtained by spot morning (SM) and same day (SS2) approaches. Methods: Three specimens (spot, second spot and morning) were collected in 252 patients, duplicate smears were prepared and stained by MZN staining and jar method. Results: Smear positivity was 34 (1...

Wu et al, Han, and Huang et al question our reconstruction of a large outburst flood and its possible relationship to China's Great Flood and the Xia dynasty. Here, we clarify misconceptions concerning geologic evidence of the flood, its timing and magnitude, and the complex social-cultural response. We also further discuss how this flood may be related to ancient accounts of the Great Flood an...

After advent of Islam especially through and after the reign of Abbasid caliphs; interest of scientists and engineers wasdrawn towards the” mechanical or ingenious devices”. The wise jar was originally designed by Ahmad ibnMüsä, thefamous Iranian scientist who lived in the 5th century A.H.(9th A.D). It consists of a jar with a mechanically intelligentmechanism inside, which is capable of separa...

The alkaline phosphatase activity expressed by JAR choriocarcinoma cells was compared to the placental isoenzyme of human alkaline phosphatase by several criteria. JAR cell alkaline phosphatase was similar to the placental isoenzyme with respect to heat and urea stability and sensitivity to most inhibitors, but it differed significantly from placental alkaline phosphatase in its sensitivity to ...

Vlad III The Impaler, also known as Dracula, descended from the dynasty of Basarab, the first rulers of independent Wallachia, in present Romania. Whether this dynasty is of Cuman (an admixed Turkic people that reached Wallachia from the East in the 11(th) century) or of local Romanian (Vlach) origin is debated among historians. Earlier studies have demonstrated the value of investigating the Y...

Yuan Dynasty was an era with austere political reality and thinking reality. As a result of despisement to ruling of different races, a large majority of scholars in Yuan Dynasty chose seclusion without other choice, but the “internal beauty” they pursued was amazingly unanimous, which was, without doubt, owing to the spirit of the mountains and forests. When they tried to find enjoyment in pai...

aqu (大曲) was a genre of entertainment music popular in China from the Han dynasty to the Song dynasty. While da (大) in Chinese means large or great, qu (曲) means a song, or more generally, a piece of music. As its name implies, a daqu was always a long, multisectional piece of music performed in a grand style uniting singing of poetic verses, instrumental playing, and dancing together, and the ...

The consumption of jar water has been increasing consistently in these days. To improve such water quality and supply, information is needed to assess water contamination in a variety of community, including those that rely primarily on unimproved distributed sources of drinking water. This study was done to assess the public perception on drinking jar water and assessment of drinking jar water...

Differential-phase-sensitive neurons in the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL) of the African electric fish, Gymnarchus niloticus, are sensitive to time disparities on the order of microseconds between afferent action potentials. These action potentials fire in a phase-locked manner in response to the animal's own wave-type electric organ discharges (EODs) (). The time disparity is one of t...

An investigation is currently underway to explain an outbreak of food-borne botulism in Scotland. Three children in the same family were confirmed as having botulism following consumption of a meal made with a jar of korma sauce. Residual sauce from the jar, the jar lid and a remnant of the meal, all tested positive for Clostridium botulinum type A toxin. The children are recovering, although t...