We have examined the developmental consequences for larval and imaginal segmental cuticular structure of a chromosomal translocation involving a breakpoint in the abdominal region of the bithorax complex (BX-C). This complex makes an essential contribution to the development of metameric differences in part of the thorax and in all abdominal segments. The breakpoint is proximal to the most dist...

We tested whether Artemia abd-A could repress limbs in Drosophila embryos, and found that although abd-A transcripts were produced, ABD-A protein was not. Similarly, developing Artemia epidermal cells showed expression of abd-A transcripts without accumulation of ABD-A protein. This finding in Artemia reveals a new variation in Hox gene function that is associated with morphological evolution. ...

The E loci in Bombyx mori are expected to contain a homeotic gene complex specifying the identities of the larval abdominal segments. However, the molecular structure of this complex remains to be determined. We have started to analyze the structural changes in the E complex mutations. We used three newly isolated Bombyx homeobox genes as probes. These genes are probably homologues of the Ultra...

There may be changes in the contents of words historical process. These form meaning expansion, narrowing, and shift are situations experienced by some, if not all Qurʾān. The concept karam, which is predominantly mentioned Meccan sūras, one that witnessed these events. This has been used Qurʾān associating it with different entities words, consequently its context content have changed. Before ...

The Abdominal-B (Abd-B) gene is one of three genes in the bithorax complex, a cluster of homeotic genes in Drosophila. During embryogenesis Abd-B is expressed in a complex pattern, producing four different transcript classes, each of which exhibits a unique spatial pattern of expression. Proper regulation of the class A transcripts is required for appropriate development of the fifth through ei...

The three homeotic genes of the bithorax complex (BX-C), Ubx, abd-A and Abd-B control the identity of the posterior thorax and all abdominal segments. Large segment-specific cis-regulatory regions control the expression of Ubx, abd-A or Abd-B in each of the segments. These segment-specific cis-regulatory regions span the whole 300 kb of the BX-C and are arranged on the chromosome in the same or...

The Abdominal-B (Abd-B) gene, a member of the bithorax complex (BX-C), specifies the identities of parasegments (PS) 10-14 in Drosophila. Abd-B codes for two structurally related homeodomain proteins, ABD-B m and ABD-B r, that are expressed in PS10-13 and PS14-15, respectively. Although ABD-B m and r proteins have distinct developmental functions, ectopic expression of either protein during emb...

Autoimmune blistering dermatoses (ABD) are a group of relatively rare autoantibody-driven diseases affecting primarily skin and/or multiple mucosa. They comprise of two main subdi‐ visions: ABD with autoimmunity to enzymes (dermatitis herpetiformis only) and ABD with autoimmunity to mostly structural proteins (anti-desmosomal autoimmunity circle, antidermal-epidermal junction autoimmunity circl...

1. The activity of both accessory abducens (Acc Abd) and abducens (Abd) motoneurons (Mns) was recorded in the alert cat during eye retraction and rotational eye movements. Cats were fitted with two scleral coils, one measured rotational eye movements directly and the other retraction by distinguishing the translational component. 2. Acc Abd and Abd Mns were identified following antidromic activ...

Sexual dimorphism requires the integration of positional information in the embryo with the sex determination pathway. Homeotic genes are a major source of positional information responsible for patterning along the anterior-posterior axis in embryonic development, and are likely to play a critical role in sexual dimorphism. Here, we investigate the role of homeotic genes in the sexually dimorp...