We consider a class of weak modules for vertex operator algebras that we call logarithmic modules. We also construct nontrivial examples of intertwining operators between certain logarithmic modules for the Virasoro vertex operator algebra. At the end we speculate about some possible logarithmic intertwiners at the level c = 0. Introduction This work is an attempt to explain an algebraic reform...

signals determines optimal flowering time for successful reproduction in seasonal environments (28, 29). Our data demonstrate the importance of the repressors SVP, FLM-b, and FLC, which affect flowering at different but partially overlapping temperature ranges (fig. S19). However, we cannot exclude the possibility that the importance of SVPand FLM-bmaynot extend toArabidopsiswinter annual acces...

In this paper, we first derive some results by using the Gelfand spectrum and spectrum in FLM algebras. Then, the characterizations of multiplicative linear mappings are also discussed in these algebras.

Accurate dynamic modeling and analysis of flexible link manipulator (FLM) with non linear dynamics is very difficult due to distributed link flexibility and few studies have been conducted based on assumed modes method (AMM) and finite element models. In this paper a nonlinear dynamic model with first two elastic modes is derived using combined Euler/Lagrange and AMM approaches. Significant dyn...

PURPOSE To investigate the effects of constant flickering light on refractive development, the role of serotonin (i.e.5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)and 5-HT2A receptor in myopia induced by flickering light in guinea pigs. METHODS Forty-five guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups: control, form deprivation myopia (FDM) and flickering light induced myopia (FLM) groups(n = 15 for each g...

Evaluation of forest landscape model (FLM) predictions is indispensable to establish the credibility of predictions. We present a framework that evaluates shortand long-term FLM predictions at site and landscape scales. Site-scale evaluation is conducted through comparing raster cell-level predictions with inventory plot data whereas landscape-scale evaluation is conducted through comparing pre...

We consider three Lie algebras: Der C((t)), the Lie algebra of all derivations on the algebra C((t)) of formal Laurent series; the Lie algebra of all differential operators on C((t)); and the Lie algebra of all differential operators on C((t)) ⊗ Cn. We prove that each of these Lie algebras has an essentially unique nontrivial central extension. The Lie algebra of all derivations on the Laurent ...

The Factored Language Model (FLM) is a flexible framework for incorporating various information sources, such as morphology and part-of-speech, into language modeling. FLMs have so far been successfully applied to tasks such as speech recognition and machine translation; it has the potential to be used in a wide variety of problems in estimating probability tables from sparse data. This tutoria...