the rate of time preference plays an important role in discounting instantaneous utility in economic growth models and also in calculating social discount rate in cost-benefit analysis. in empirical researchers, this rate is assumed to be constant. however, the rate of time preference might vary over time. this paper develops a new algorithm to estimate this rate as a varied coefficient for the...

Preference value means livestock preference to eat some plants relative to other plants or species. Accordingly, by studying the preference values, the range managers could determine the rangelands grazing capacity to achieve the optimum performance of livestock and to guarantee the stability of rangeland ecosystem. The objective of this study was to determine the preference value of perennial ...

A hierarchical framework is proposed to address the issues of modeling different type of words in keyword spotting (KWS). Keyword models are built at various levels according to the availability of training set resources for each individual word. The proposed approach improves the performance of KWS even when no training speech is available for the keywords. It also suggests an easier way to co...

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Efficient satellite resource management and allocation techniques aim at providing reliable real-time service, taking into consideration the scarcity of resources and the large number of handovers. This paper presents algorithms and modules for accurate satellite and beam handover prediction at the SBS. The call is assigned to that path which provides the highest preference factor. Several alte...

The research introduces an adaptive food searching and recommending engine by taste and user preference using fuzzy logic. In contrast with existing system where food is searched by predefined keywords, this system searches food by its taste and users’ preference which allows the system to provide better results. As food taste cannot be measured and user’s preference is relative to each user, t...

Since the halophytes species have an important role in such ecosystem balance and they have been grazed by livestock as supplementary forage, the awareness of livestock's desire to grazing and their preference values of these species is of high priority. Regardless of the importance of halophyte species in the livestock feeding in Iran, there is less published research on the livestock grazing ...