BACKGROUND Exposure to early postnatal stress is known to hasten the progression of kindling epileptogenesis in adult rats. Despite the significance of this for understanding mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and its associated psychopathology, research findings regarding underlying mechanisms are sparse. Of several possibilities, one important candidate mechanism is early life 'programming'...

Different animal models are used to evaluate the process of epileptogenesis. In this investigation the kindling model of epilepsy was used. The epileptic focus was induced in Chinchilla rabbits by stimulation of the hippocampus with electric stimuli. We presumed that the extracts of Ginkgo biloba affect the formation of kindling epilepsy. Bioelectric activity of the brain was registered through...

Seizures induced by an acute pentylenetetrazole (50 mg/kg) injection were accompanied by a long-term (at 1-48 h, but not on day 7) decrease in the density (B(max)) of [3H]-diazepam binding to benzodiazepine receptors in rat cerebellar cortex with no change in affinity (K(d)). Kindling for 24 days by daily administrations of pentylenetetrazole (20 mg/kg) led to the same decrease in benzodiazepin...

Recent work has shown that neurotrophin gene expression is increased after seizures evoked in the kindling model of epilepsy, but whether neurotrophins regulate kindling development is as yet unclear. In this study, we attempted to block selectively the activation of distinct neurotrophin receptors throughout kindling development in the rat via chronic intracerebroventricular administration of ...

There are two main types of animal models of TLE, kindling and status epilepticus (SE). In the kindling model (3), spaced and repeated stimulations of the brain evoke afterdischarges (ADs) that increase progressively in duration and in the severity of clinical/ behavioral symptoms. Kindling allows good control of the timing of ADs, but a relatively large number of kindled ADs ( 200) is required...

AIM To investigate the effects and mechanism of succinic acid on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) chemical kindling and amygdala electrical kindling in rats. METHODS PTZ chemical kindling and amygdala electrical kindling models were established in rats. The effects of succinic acid on the behavior and afterdischarge of kindled rats were observed. The mice were pretreated with succinic acid, 30 min lat...

The anterior claustrum (CLA) has been implicated in epileptogenesis and epileptiform activity due to its abundant and widespread bilateral connections to some of the structures believed to play an important role in seizure generalization: the motor cortex, entorhinal cortex, limbic structures, and brainstem sites. Kindling in the CLA has been characterized as comprising two distinct phases: an ...

The claustrum has been implicated in the kindling of generalized seizures from limbic sites. We examined the susceptibility of the anterior claustrum itself to kindling and correlated this with an anatomical investigation of its afferent and efferent connections. Electrical stimulation of the anterior claustrum resulted in a pattern of rapid kindling with two distinct phases. Early kindling inv...

To test the hypothesis that repeated subconvulsive stimulations required to induce kindling can permanently alter gene expression of hippocampal neurons, we used Northern and in situ hybridization analyses to measure steady-state mRNA levels encoding several phenotypic proteins. mRNA encoding a membrane-bound protein, ligatin, was significantly reduced in kindled brains relative to naive and sh...

Double-pulse stimulation of the perforant path input to the dentate gyrus was used in the following experiments to produce paired pulse depression in that site. This effect provided an estimate of GABA-mediated recurrent inhibition. The depression was enhanced by drugs that facilitate or mimic GABA action and attenuated by drugs which block GABA transmission. Paired-pulse depression was signifi...