Understanding biolocomotion in fluids has long been a focus of fluid dynamicists. One method to quantify the impact of environmental stresses on locomotion is to systematically change the mechanical properties of the surrounding medium, and measure how that change influences swimming kinematics and energetics. In a recently published investigation, Gagnon et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 758, 2014,...

This article reviews what has been published on the rheology of worm-like micellar fluids (WLMFs). It is written primarily for those interested in continuum (non-Newtonian fluid) mechanics: it covers the bulk rheological behaviour of typical WLMFs and rheological equations of state (REoS) that reflect this bulk behaviour; it also covers molecular dynamics and Brownian dynamics models that aim t...

Abstract It may be assumed that the steady-state kinematics of viscoelastic contraction flows depends on time-independent rheological properties only. This idea is supported by large number references explaining steady simulation results considering only material functions. Even with numerical simulations, it would difficult to prove such a statement wrong. However, using Bautista-Manero-Puig c...

the management of road traffic accident and the care of casualties  has undergone many changes in recent years. to provide an uniform and systematic approach the ems, firefighters, red cross, red crescent and other rescuers must be updated to reduce entrapment times, and mortality rates, over better organisation and a methodical approach. the rescuers should not attempt to administer medical fi...

snake robots are hyper-redundant robots that are connected with one or two dof joints. they offer a number of potential advantages beyond the capabilities of most wheeled and legged robots. in this paper, kinematics and dynamics of a planar multi-link snake robot in worm-like locomotion on an inclined surface is investigated. in this locomotion, snake robot is able to move in the vertical plane...

Shear-thinning is an important rheological property of many biological fluids, such as mucus, whereby the apparent viscosity of the fluid decreases with shear. Certain microscopic swimmers have been shown to progress more rapidly through shear-thinning fluids, but is this behavior generic to all microscopic swimmers, and what are the physics through which shear-thinning rheology affects a swimm...

Physics simulation offers the possibility of truly responsive and realistic animation. Despite wide adoption of physics simulation for the animation of passive phenomena, such as rigid objects, fluids, cloths and rag-doll characters, commercial applications still resort to kinematics-based approaches for the animation of actively controlled characters. However, in recent years, research on inte...

This paper discusses theoretical foundations of quantitative image-based measurements for extracting and reconstructing geometric, kinematic and dynamic properties of observed objects. New results are obtained by using a combination of methods in perspective geometry, differential geometry, radiometry, kinematics and dynamics. Specific topics include perspective projection transformation, persp...

We give a more general derivation of the particle velocity and acceleration used in the numerical wave model of Grilli et al. (Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids 2001; 35:829–867), by expressing these quantities in a local orthogonal co-ordinate system. Computations of solitary waves propagating and breaking over a sloping bottom show that the new formulation gives better results than the former one i...