Background Leishmaniasis as an emerging and reemerging disease is increasing worldwide with high prevalence and new incidence in recent years. For epidemiological investigation and accurate identification of Leishmania species, three nuclear and mitochondrial genes (ITS-rDNA, Hsp70, and Cyt b) were employed and analyzed from clinical samples in three important Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (...

Amplification of internal transcript spacer 1 of ribosomal RNA (ITS1-RNA) gene followed by RFLP analysis and sequencing was used to identify the causing agents of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis (CL and VL) in humans and animal reservoir hosts from various geographical areas in Iran. We also used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) to obtain polymorphisms among isolates of Leishman...

A sequence database was created for the Leishmania N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase (nagt) gene from 193 independent isolates. PCR products of this single-copy gene were analyzed for restriction fragment length polymorphism based on seven nagt sequences initially available. We subsequently sequenced 77 samples and found 19 new variants (genotypes). Alignment of all 26 nagt sequences ...

The aphid genus Myzaphis van der Goot, 1913 from the tribe Macrosiphini is revised to include eight species. Apterous and alate viviparous females, known fundatrices and known sexual morphs (oviparous females and males) of Myzaphis bucktoni, M. juchnevitschae, M. rosarum, M. tianshanica and M. turanica are re-described and illustrated. Lectotype and paralectotypes of Myzaphis bucktoni and M. tu...

Leishmaniasis is a debilitating infectious disease that has a variety of clinical forms. In China, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most common symptom, and L. donovani and/or L. infantum are the likely pathogens. In this study, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of five enzyme-coding genes (fh, g6pdh, icd, mpi, pgd) and two conserved genes (hsp70, lack) was used to investigate the phylogeneti...

the essential oils of the aerial parts of three different artemisia species (a.scoparia, a. diffusa, a. turanica ) growing wildly in the northeast of iran were analyzed by gc-ms. twenty-two, twenty-six, and thirteen components were identified in the essential oils of these plants, respectively. the major constituents of the oil ofa. scoparia were b-pinene (16.10%), carvacrol (13.81%), limonene ...

Ten species of Didineis Wesmael 1852 are recorded from Russia and adjacent territories. The new synonymy (valid name listed first) is established for Didineis bactriana Gussakovskij 1937 = D. ogloblini Gussakovskij 1937, D. clavimana Gussakovskij 1937 = D. turanica Gussakovskij 1937, and D. lunicornis (Fabricius 1798) = Didineis ruthenica Gussakovskij 1937. The number of valid species-group tax...

Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity of five different extracts (petroleum ether (40-60), dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and ethanol-water (1:1 v/v)) of Artemisia turanica (A. turanica) aerial parts were determined and phytochemical study on the most promising extract was carried out. Folin–Ciocalteu method, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test...

Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity of five different extracts (petroleum ether (40-60), dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and ethanol-water (1:1 v/v)) of Artemisia turanica (A. turanica) aerial parts were determined and phytochemical study on the most promising extract was carried out. Folin–Ciocalteu method, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test...

The formation of hemozoin (malaria pigment) has been proposed as an ideal drug target for antimalarial screening programs. In this study, we used an improved, cost-effective and high-throughput spectrophotometric assay to screen plant extracts for finding novel antimalarial plant sources. Fifteen extracts with different polarity from three Iranian Artemisia species, A. ciniformis, A. biennis an...