Background: Cimex lectularius (bed bug) are insects abundantly found in hot, temperate areas. This study is related to the outbreak of Cimex lectularius in a construction site around Polour in Amol, Iran. This cross-sectional study has examined 182 prefabricated houses made of intermodal containers [Conex] converted to a temporary housing, in a construction site.Methods...

eastern rock nuthatch (sitta tephronota) and western rock nuthatch (s. neumayer) are two closely related and sympatric species in iran, which have been known as the classical case of character displacement since 1950. nevertheless, some questions related their niche partitioning is still unanswered. this study was conducted to determine the diet differentiation, as an important niche dimension,...

Several studies suggest the possibility that non-native lady beetles may have replaced native lady beetles in some agricultural habitats. There is relatively little information, however, about lady beetle species composition outside of agricultural habitats. Evans (2004) suggested that native species have retreated to nonagricultural habitats in response to the arrival of non-native lady beetle...