while learners’ ability to speak academic language develops over time in content-based programs, the development of their nonacademic language appears to lag behind. students’ speaking in content-based (cb) classrooms is confined to an academic discourse style. in the researchers’ point of view, the gap of less amount of nonacademic speaking can be bridged by the application of the conceptual f...

In the realm of second language acquisition (SLA), task-based language teaching (TBLT) and input enhancement (IE) have been the focus of a great number of studies. However, the idea of investigating the effects of focus on form instruction through input-enhanced tasks along with pre-task planning time as one of the features of task-based language teaching has been rarely explored in the field o...