In spite of numerous descriptions of the auscultatory and phonocardiographic findings in "adult" coarctation of the aorta (Reifenstein, Levine, and Gross, 1947; Wells, Rappaport, and Sprague, 1949; Brown et al., 1959; Cleland et al., 1956; Wood, 1956; Spencer, Johnston, and Meredith, 1958; Gasul, Arcilla, and Lev, 1966), no specific diagnostic auscultatory pattern has been outlined. The general...

SYSTOLIC MURMURS heard during the first year of life in apparently healthy children are commonly noted to have disappeared at a later examination." 2 The exact origin of such murmurs is not known but it has been suggested that some are accounted for by exaggeration of the physiologic pulmonary systolic murmur and a few by late closure of the ductus arteriosus. Of particular interest is a small ...

Murmurs arise when blood flow becomes turbulent, causing vibration of cardiovascular structures. Physiological murmurs or functional murmurs result from turbulent flow associated with normal blood flows at high velocity. Pathological murmurs are caused by a pathological condition such as valvular regurgitation or congenital cardiac disease. When a murmur is diagnosed, we first need to identify ...

Mitral regurgitation can result from a variety of anatomical and functional abnormalities and can be the consequence ofseveral disease processes. Clinical recognition of the etiology is most often based on the history, while the functional anatomy of the lesion can occasionally be predicted by certain auscultatory findings. This paper describes a unique anatomical type of mitral regurgitation, ...

conclusions with a thorough preoperative assessment incorporating focused echocardiography, anaesthetists are in the unique position to enhance their role as perioperative physicians and influence short and long term outcomes of their patients. context patients with undifferentiated systolic murmurs present commonly during the perioperative period. traditional bedside assessment and auscultatio...

A syndrome consisting of an apical systolic click and late systolic murmur appeared over a period of three months in a patient with acromegaly. Levels of growth hormone were highest during this interval. As a result of group D streptococcal endocarditis three months later, the patient sustained cerebral embolism and acquired free mitral regurgitation from ruptured chordae tendineae. During foll...