[1] Side-scan sonar, submersible observations and sampling of lava flows from the East Pacific Rise, 17 –19 S constrain the character and variability of submarine volcanic eruptions along mid-ocean ridges. Nine separate lava sequences were mapped using relative age and lithological contrasts among recovered samples. Axial lengths activated during eruptive episodes range from 1 to >18 km; indivi...

At least 13 times during the Pleistocene Epoch lava flowed into the inner gorge of the Grand Canyon and formed lava dams, as high as 600 m, that temporarily blocked the flow of the Colorado River. K-Ar ages on these lava dams indicate that the seven youngest formed within a short period of time between about 0.6 and 0.4 mega-annum (Ma). The physiography of the lava dam remnants within the canyo...

Introduction: The High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) onboard ESA's Mars Express (MEX) orbiter [1] has provided 12.5 m/pixel projected images for a north-south transect of the four major Tharsis shield volcanoes. These data provide an unprecedented opportunity to examine lava flows at high resolution with regional context. Our objective is to characterize late-stage effusive processes and iden...

This study constitutes one of the few works conducted on the colonization of recent lava flows by fish communities in coral reef environment. It attempted to describe themechanisms of colonization and environmental variables influencing the structure of communities on the lava flows of the Piton de la Fournaise volcano at Reunion Island. It also proposed somehypotheses on themechanisms of selec...

Timely predictions of the areas likely to be inundated by lava flows are of major interest to hazard managers during a volcanic eruption. To this aim several models have been developed, which deal with various aspects of flow emplacement and cooling. That challenge has inspired the INGV-CT to develop the MAGFLOW Cellular Automata model to simulate lava flows [6]. It is based on a steady state s...

[1] A ground-based millimetre wave radar, AVTIS (Allweather Volcano Topography Imaging Sensor), has been developed for topographic monitoring. The instrument is portable and capable of measurements over ranges up to 7 km through cloud and at night. In April and May 2005, AVTIS was deployed at Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica, in order to determine topographic changes associated with the advance of a ...

[1] Channeled lava flows, hundreds of kilometers long, are common on the lower flanks of the Tharsis Montes on Mars. Our analysis of a 690-km-long lava flow along the southwest perimeter of Ascraeus Mons shows that it was emplaced on low local slopes (<0.3 ), with a deep channel ( 20 m), and at high effusion rates (19,000–29,000 m/s) calculated from the Graetz number. These parameters are simil...

[1] Exogenous growth of Peléean lava domes involves the addition of lava from a central summit vent and mass wasting on the flanks as rockfalls and pyroclastic flows. These processes were investigated at the Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, between 30 March and 10 April 2006, using a ground-based imaging millimeter-wave radar, AVTIS, to measure the shape of the dome and talus surface and ro...

Volcanic hazard assessment is of paramount importance for the safeguard of the resources exposed to volcanic hazards. In the paper we present ELFM, a lava flow simulation model for the evaluation of the lava flow hazard on Mount Etna (Sicily, Italy), the most important active volcano in Europe. The major contributions of the paper are: (a) a detailed specification of the lava flow simulation mo...