This paper presents the process of design involved in prototyping a Personal Health Record (PHR), a patient-centered information and communication hub. As the PHR has to be used by laypeople, we focused on their health related activities (i.e. information management) carried out in the household using a sociological perspective to elicit the infrastructural requirements of the IT. We identified...

INTRODUCTION In this study, we evaluated the effects of orthodontic appliances and an extracted maxillary first premolar on the esthetic evaluation of a smiling face according to the perceptions of orthodontists and laypeople. METHODS Standardized oblique photographs of a young woman with a pleasing smile were taken. The photos were edited by using digital imaging software to produce 10 combi...

We review the promotion of electrical treatments by laypeople for neurological and other conditions in a largely rural period of United States history.

Death from trauma is a significant and international problem. Outcome for patients suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrests is significantly improved by early cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The usefulness of first aid given by laypeople in trauma is less well established. The aim of this study was to review the existing literature on first aid provided by laypeople to trauma victims and to est...

BACKGROUND In the field of psychiatry and psychotherapy, there are now a growing number of Web-based interventions, mobile phone apps, or treatments that are available via remote transmission screen worldwide. Many of these interventions have been shown to be effective in studies but still find little use in everyday therapeutic work. However, it is important that attitude and expectation towar...

What does the public think it means to “settle” a civil case? Most legal disputes in United States end an agreement settle, but little is known about what laypeople settlement. To fill this gap, we took direct approach: asked nationally representative sample of US adults—more than 1000 them—basic questions We found widespread understanding essential nature and frequency settlement, persistent, ...

How much did medieval lay people know about Christianity? Which religious observances were expected of them? Recent studies have often suggested that ecclesiastical expectations of the laity were relatively low overall, even if some laypeople exceeded these basic requirements. For example Norman Tanner and Sethina Watson have argued that although medieval churchmen had high aspirations for the ...

BACKGROUND Advances in ubiquitous computing, smart homes, and sensor technologies enable novel, longitudinal health monitoring applications in the home. Many home monitoring technologies have been proposed to detect health crises, support aging-in-place, and improve medical care. Health professionals and potential end users in the lay public, however, sometimes question whether home health moni...

Valid conclusions can be defeated if people can think of conditions that prevent the consequent to occur although the antecedent is given. The goal of the present research was to investigate how people consider these conditions when reasoning with legal conditionals such as "If a person kills another human, then this person should be punished for manslaughter." In Experiments 1 and 2 legal cond...