OBJECTIVE To examine the 25-year cumulative incidence of lower-extremity amputation (LEA) in people with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Cumulative incidence of LEA was ascertained in Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy participants (n = 943) using the Kaplan-Meier approach accounting for competing risk of death. Relationships of baseline characteristics with in...

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are mainly low molecular weight (10-30 kDa) proteins, which are involved in protecting higher plants from damage caused by environmental stresses, especially drought (dehydration). These findings and the fact that the breeding of drought tolerant varieties would be of great value in agriculture, form the basis of search for anti-drought inducible genes...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between timing of patient access to secondary healthcare services for diabetes management and lower extremity amputation (LEA) among patients with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A case-control study was conducted in the secondary healthcare system in Ireland. Cases were 116 patients with diabetes who underwent a first major non-traumatic LEA bet...

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between diabetes-related lower-extremity amputation (LEA) and ethnicity, age, source of payment, geographic location, diabetes severity, and health condition in adults with diabetes mellitus type 2 living in border and non-border counties in Texas, United States of America, and to assess intra-border region geographic differences in post-LEA treatment. MET...

OBJECTIVE To define incidence and predictors of nontraumatic lower-extremity amputation (LEA) in a diverse cohort of American Indians with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Strong Heart Study is a study of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in 13 American-Indian communities. Data on the presence/absence of amputations were collected at each of three serial examinations (1989-...

The modification of erucic acid content in seeds is one of the major goals for quality breeding in oil-yielding Brassica species. However, few low erucic acid (LEA) resources are available, and novel LEA genetic resources are being sought. Fatty acid elongase 1 (FAE1) is the key gene that controls erucic acid synthesis. However, the mechanism for erucic acid synthesis in B. rapa lacks systemati...

BACKGROUND Local ancestry in relation to clinical cardiovascular events (CVEs) among African Americans can provide insight into their genetic susceptibility to the disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined local European ancestry (LEA) association with CVEs among 3000 African Americans from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC). We estimated LEA using Local Ancestry Inference in...

OBJECTIVE Diabetic foot infection is the predominant predisposing factor to nontraumatic lower-extremity amputation (LEA), but few studies have investigated which specific risk factors are most associated with LEA. We sought to develop and validate a risk score to aid in the early identification of patients hospitalized for diabetic foot infection who are at highest risk of LEA. RESEARCH DESI...

The lightweight encryption algorithm (LEA) is a 128-bit block cipher introduced in 2013. It is based on Addition, rotation, XOR operations for 32-bit words. Because of its structure, it is useful for several devices to achieve a high speed of encryption and low-power consumption. However, side-channel attacks on LEA implementations have not been examined. In this study, we perform a power analy...