in the course of studies on population dynamics and spatial distribution of the tea cottony scale, pulvinaria floccifera (westwood) (hemi.: coccidae) in the tea gardens of tonekabon (west of mazandaran), in 2008-2009, infected cottony scales were found with hyphae and orange-flask shaped perithecia. they were grown separately on pca and kept under isolated conditions and in incubator at 24-25ºc...

Abstract Background The misuse of chemical insecticides has developed the phenomenon habituation in whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) causing enormous economic losses under geothermal greenhouses southern Tunisia. Results In order to develop means biological control appropriate conditions Tunisia, efficacy native strain predator Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae) and two entomopa...

Endophytic fungi are beneficial fungi to their host plants and help them to endure biotic and abiotic stresses with different methods. In order to identify some endophytic fungi of sour cherry trees, healthy plant samples including twigs and leaves were collected from several provinces of Iran. A total number of 176 isolates were obtained and studied taxonomically. Based on morphological featur...

Abstract Background The geothermal greenhouses in Southern Tunisia are an important axis of agricultural development. This sector faces many abiotic and biotic constraints that could threat its sustainability. Thus, the heated encounter destructive pests such as whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae)...