Sociologists have given considerable attention to identifying the neighborhood-level social-interactional mechanisms that influence outcomes such as crime, educational attainment, and health. Yet, cultural mechanisms are often overlooked in quantitative studies of neighborhood effects. This paper adds a cultural dimension to neighborhood effects research by exploring the consequences of legal c...

A major step is required to integrate critical legal requirements into e-tendering system design. The current systems using ad-hoc security mechanisms do not meet the legal requirements for forming a complex electronic contract. This paper analyses the etendering process and its legal obligations. The mapping of these obligations to security policies has identified a set of essential security s...

in the framework of international law, the right to food is a fundamentalright of person towards having sustainable access to food with the qualitywhich responds to his/her food needs. with due respect to the specialposition of states in international law, it is importance to examine theirobligations regarding the right to food. the principal question is that whatconstitutes the legal basis of ...

Plant Genetic Resources (PGRs) are one of the most valuable natural resources of anycountry. Biotechnology through genetic engineering of plants and the creation of new plantvarieties can increase the value of these resources. Different technical and legalmechanisms such as ex situ/in situ collection of PGRs, and Intellectual Property Rights(IPRs...

Institutions matter both for long-term economic evolution as well as for more short-termed economic performance. The law is particularly important in shaping the institutional framework for economic activities. This paper gives an overview of typical evolutionary explanations of legal change, i.e. the generation and dissemination of legal innovations over time. The main actors, the key determin...