Language evolution is traditionally described in terms of family trees with ancestral languages splitting into descendent languages. However, it has long been recognized that language evolution also entails horizontal components, most commonly through lexical borrowing. For example, the English language was heavily influenced by Old Norse and Old French; eight per cent of its basic vocabulary i...

We propose a comprehensive theory of codemixed discourse, encompassing equivalencepoint and insertional code-switching, palindromic constructions and lexical borrowing. The starting point is a production model of code-switching accounting for empirical observations about switch-point distribution (the equivalence constraint), well-formedness of monolingual fragments, conservation of constituent...

Abstract Loanwords are lexical terms borrowed from foreign languages by transliterating the original sound of words with recipient language’s consonants and vowels. This paper focuses on borrowing in Korean language a diachronic perspective. Based approximately 9,500 loanwords extracted corpus women’s magazine articles residential sections (the Contemporary Residential Culture Corpus), we inves...

Some languages come from historical common ancestors and they share similarity on the basis phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics pragmatics. words resemble each other between remote even unrelated languages. Apart borrowing, this is mainly due to ancestor language. Degree of lexical one methods measure word cognate resemblance For purpose, some lists have been proposed by professionals that...

This paper investigates the frequency of occurrence of English borrowed words in terms of three variables of age, gender, and educational status. To do so, a corpus including the extant files of participants in a target group of telegram social networking was selected and analyzed. The quantitative study of the data shows that the occurrence of the loanwords is much more frequent in the speech ...

Wanderwörter are a problematic set of words in historical linguistics. They usually make up a small proportion of the total vocabulary of individual languages, and only a minority of loanwords. They are, however, found frequently in languages from across the world. There is, to our knowledge, no general synthesis of Wanderwörter patterns, causes of exceptionally high borrowing rates for particu...

Historical linguists have always known that some linguistic changes result from deliberate, conscious actions by speakers. But the general assumption has been that such changes are relatively trivial, confined mainly to the invention or borrowing of new words, changes in lexical semantics, and the adoption of a few structural features from a prestige dialect. The goal of this paper is to show t...