A multifaceted approach to atmospheric aerosol analysis is often desirable in field studies where an understanding of technical comparability among different measurement techniques is essential. Herein, we report quantitative intercomparisons of particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and proton elastic scattering analysis (PESA), performed of fline under a vacuum, with analysis by aerosol mass ...

Occupancy of integrin receptors induces conformational changes in the receptor, resulting in exposure of novel interactive sites termed ligand-induced binding sites (LIBS). We report here that Fab fragments of certain antibodies against LIBS on integrin alpha IIb beta 3 (platelet glycoprotein IIb-IIIa) block platelet aggregation. Thus, certain LIBS or the regions surrounding them may participat...

A new laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) based on single-beam-splitting (SBS) and proper optical geometric configuration has been initially explored in this work for effective signal enhancement. In order to improve the interaction efficiency of laser energy with the ablated material, a laser beam operated in pulse mode was divided into two streams to ablate/excite the target sample in...

Multichannel laser-induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS) is used to generate selective chemical images for silver, titanium, and carbon from silicon photovoltaic cells. A 2.5 mJ pulsed nitrogen laser and a spectrometer using charge-coupled device detection were employed. LIBS images were acquired sequentially by moving the sample located on a motorized x-y translational stage step by step while...

Multivariate t-SNE analysis enables pixel identification with similar X-ray spectra for layer thickness determination and calculation of elemental concentrations.

Silicon (Si) is under consideration as a potential next-generation anode material for the lithium ion battery (LIB). Experimental reports of up to 40% increase in energy density of Si anode based LIBs (Si-LIBs) have been reported in literature. However, this increase in energy density is achieved when the Si-LIB is allowed to swell (volumetrically expand) more than graphite based LIB (graphite-...

There have been few reports wherein drug migration from the interior to the surface of a tablet has been analyzed quantitatively until now. In this paper, we propose a novel, rapid, quantitative analysis of drug migration in tablets using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). To evaluate drug migration, model tablets containing nicardipine hydrochloride as active pharmaceutical ingredien...

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) provides an alternative chemical analytical technique that obviates the issues of sample preparation and sample destruction common to most laboratory-based analytical methods. This contribution explores the capability of LIBS analysis to identify carbonate and silicate minerals rapidly and accurately. Fifty-two mineral samples (18 carbonates, 9 pyroxe...

OBJECTIVE We compared laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with the traditionally used and recommended X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) for urinary stone analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS In total, 65 patients with urinary calculi were enrolled in this prospective study. Stones were obtained after surgical or extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy procedures. All stones were divided into t...

The 750 MHz PIXE-RFQ (radio-frequency quadrupole), developed and built at CERN, provides 2 MeV protons over a length of one meter for proton-induced X-ray emission analysis (PIXE) cultural heritage artwork. In this paper, we report low-power rf measurements tuning the PIXE-RFQ, which have been completed mid-2020. Using novel algorithm based on direct response matrix, field frequency could tuned...