The increase in the number of people who do not belong to any religion (“nones”) has long been observed many societies Northern hemisphere. This process is already well advanced East Germany, where proportion “stable nones”, i.e., those grew up without ties from childhood onwards, become particularly large and will most likely form majority near future. Given sociocultural relevance this group,...

high penetrability of wireless, mobile, portable, and handheld devices has resultedin education for all as the mobile’s challenge coincides with an unprecedentedgrowth in access to pedagogical materials technology, particularly in developingcountries (unesco mobile learning week report, 2011). the present study setout to discover how muslim learners of english as a foreign language (efl) areenc...

in medicine, there is a rapid development of a knowledge base. medical professionals need to sustain and advance their competence to practice in response to these varieties. so, there is increased interest in self-directed learning methods. study guides can make a major contribution to self-directed learning. this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of study guides on improving self-le...