The formation of cross-sectional images of biological tissues requires the discrimination between light conveying useful information—that is, propagating directly from object to image— from the abundant parasitic light caused by multiple scattering inherent to turbid media [1, 2]. In optical coherence tomography (OCT) [3], selective detection of light undergoing a single backscatter event (refl...

Light shifts are an important source of noise and systematics in optically pumped magnetometers. We demonstrate that the long spin-coherence time in paraffin-coated cells leads to spatial averaging of the vector light shift over the entire cell volume. This renders the averaged vector light shift independent, under certain approximations, of the light-intensity distribution within the sensor ce...

Laser biostimulation has been found effective in treatment of wound healing and inflammatory conditions. The nature and characteristics of laser light is different from natural light and of conventional light sources. Specifics of the laser include spectral coherence, temporal coherence and spatial coherence [1,2]. In addition, some lasers emit polarized photons and parallel beam. Laser with th...

A matrix representation is introduced for stationary beam-like light fields that allows simultaneous treatment of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) and second-order state spatial coherence. This Coherence-OAM a counterpart 2 x beam Coherence-polarization in Cartesian polarization basis or Coherence-spin (SAM) circular basis. The general properties are discussed then Coherence-SAM-OAM as unifyi...

Giving a new physical interpretation to the principle of longitudinal coherence control, we propose an improved method for synthesizing a spatial coherence function along the longitudinal axis of light propagation. By controlling the irradiance of an extended quasi-monochromatic spatially incoherent source with a spatial light modulator, we generated a special optical field that exhibits high c...

Giving a new physical interpretation to the principle of longitudinal coherence control, we propose an improved method for synthesizing a desired spatial coherence function along the longitudinal axis of light propagation. By controlling the irradiance of an extended quasi-monochromatic spatially incoherent source with a spatial light modulator, we generated a special optical field that exhibit...

The Fourier relation between the longitudinal degree of coherence and the radial intensity distribution of a light source can be demonstrated by two configurations of a low spatial-coherence interferometer. We propose a general configuration, which includes the two known types as special cases of the general design. Moreover, by adjusting the distance between the light source and the main lens ...

Photosynthetic organisms harvest sunlight with near unity quantum efficiency. The complexity of the electronic structure and energy transfer pathways within networks of photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes often obscures the mechanisms behind the efficient light-absorption-to-charge conversion process. Recent experiments, particularly using two-dimensional spectroscopy, have detected long-l...