This document describes Hutmegs, the Helsinki University of Technology Morphological Evaluation Gold Standard package, which contains gold-standard morphological segmentations for 1.4 million Finnish and 120 000 English words. The Gold Standards comprise surface-string, or allomorph, segmentations of word forms, as well as deep-level, or morpheme, segmentations of the words. The segmentations h...

In second language acquisition (SLA) research it is well-known that interlanguages are autonomous and rule-governed linguistic systems whose grammar cannot be described simply in terms of errors and deviations from L2 norms. However, assessment practices at school, both formative and summative, heavily rely on counting errors and scoring them based on various types of ‘gravity’. Carrying out a ...

this study explored the nature of transfer among bilingual vs. trilinguals with varying levels of competence in english and their previous languages. the hypotheses were tested in writing tasks designed for 75 high (n= 35) vs. intermediate (n=40) proficient efl learners with turkish, persian, english and persian, english linguistic backgrounds. qualitative data were also collected through some ...

Typically native speakers of Arabic mix dialectal Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic in the same utterance. This phenomenon is known as linguistic code switching (LCS). It is a very challenging task to identify these LCS points in written text where we don’t have an accompanying speech signal. In this paper, we address automatic identification of LCS points in Arabic social media text by identif...

This study investigates the neural substrates underlying the perception of two sentence-level prosodic phenomena in Mandarin Chinese: contrastive stress (initial vs. final emphasis position) and intonation (declarative vs. interrogative modality). In an fMRI experiment, Chinese and English listeners were asked to selectively attend to either stress or intonation in paired 3-word sentences, and ...

This study explored the nature of transfer among bilingual vs. trilinguals with varying levels of competence in English and their previous languages. The hypotheses were tested in writing tasks designed for 75 high (N= 35) vs. intermediate (N=40) proficient EFL learners with Turkish, Persian, English and Persian, English linguistic backgrounds. Qualitative data were also collected through some ...

Speakers' lexical choices are affected by interpersonal-level influences, like a tendency to reuse an interlocutor's words. Here, we examined how those additionally community-level factors, whether the interlocutor is from their own or another speech community (in-community vs. out-community partner), and such interpersonal experiences contribute acquisition of linguistic knowledge. Our three e...

Assuming a linguistic framework, a model for the consensus reaching problem in heterogeneous group decision making is proposed. This model contains two types of linguistic consensus measures: linguistic consensus degrees and linguistic proximities to guide the consensus reaching process. These measures evaluate the current consensus state in three levels of action: level of the pairs of alterna...