While Bourdieu’s theory of practice provides an ensemble of conceptual tools which analyze patterns of social life that are irreducible to the limiting view of individuals as free-acting agents, Genette’s paratextual theory offers the metalanguage necessary to account for the microcosm of paratext as a linguistic space. This study takes issue with unidirectional approaches to researching parate...

The focus of this unique publication is on Ethiopian languages and linguistics. Not only major such as Amharic Oromo receive attention, but also lesser studied ones like Sezo Nuer are dealt with. Gurage languages, that often present a descriptive sociolinguistic puzzle to researchers, have received ample coverage. And for the first time in history linguistics, two chapters dedicated studies Sig...

In general, the braid structures in a topological space can be classified into algebraic forms and geometric forms. This paper investigates properties of structure involving 2-simplices set directed braid-paths view as well topology. The are cyclically oriented variety embedded within disjoint covering subspaces where finite twisted directed. It is shown that generated homotopic simplicial brai...

We address the problem of relating natural language descriptions of spatial situations with spatial logical calculi, focusing on projective terms (orientations). We provide a formalism based on the theory of E-connections that connects natural language and spatial calculi. Semantics of linguistic expressions are specified in a linguistically motivated ontology, the Generalized Upper Model. Spat...

this study examined the relationship between some socio- demographic variables, medical orientations and utilization of health services of urban in comparison with rural head of households. the data for this study were obtained as part of 1975 health survey of the southern provinces of iran. the finding revealed a significant relationship between the indices used in this study, particularly in ...

This paper draws on the notion of multilingualism as social practice (Heller 2007) to critique postcolonial language planning and policies in Africa. Drawing on illustrations from Ethnologue's (2009) languages of Africa, studies on language planning and policy in Africa, and recent developments in harmonisation of cross-border language research (Prah 1998; Banda 2008), the paper argues that the...