vegetation cover is the first barrier for the raindrops resulting to the interception and infiltration loss. interception as one of the main components of ecohydrology equation plays a major role in the water balance of rangelands. however, few studies have been done on the interception of rangeland plants in iran. this study was carried out to find the interception rate in astragalus parrowian...

Fluxes of resource subsidies, such as terrestrial leaf litter to streams and adult aquatic insects to riparian predators, are examples of important links between adjacent ecosystems. The importance of these cross-ecosystem resource flows from donor systems to recipient consumers is increasingly recognized. Streams, especially small streams with their high edge ratio with the terrestrial system,...

This paper presents a computational model that uses a modified Genetic Algorithm (GA) approach, to provide more accurate results for mid-air targets interception. The proportional navigation laws that have been practiced for many years for target interception have been deployed in this research. A revised GA is formulated to determine the optimal interception point by modifying the heuristic cr...

in order to investigate the weed diversity and modeling light interception in sole and intercropping millet and bean an experiment was conducted as complete randomized block design with 4 treatments and 4 replications at the agricultural research station, ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran, during 2008. treatments included monocultures, intercropping of millet and bean and a control treatment...

Litter is one of the key components forest ecosystem and plays a role as second active layer influencing hydrological processes, which has affected global water cycle. Soil- water-conservation forests were constructed by artificial afforestation part vegetation restoration in eroded area Latosol, little known about differences properties Latosol tropical region. We investigated litter thickness...

The performance of a type of fuzzy sliding mode control is researched by considering the nonlinear characteristic of a missile-target interception problem to obtain a robust interception process. The variable boundary layer by using fuzzy logic is proposed to reduce the chattering around the switching surface then is applied to the interception model which was derived. The performances of the s...

the purpose of this study was to evaluate the profitability of hatchery litter recycling into poultry feedstuff supplement. the data were collected in 2011 in 4 provinces, by direct interviewing of all hatcheries which used the hatchery litter drying machine. net present value (npv), benefit-cost ratio (bcr), and internal rate of return (irr) methods were applied for this analysis. in the studi...

Litter and soil play an important role in influencing hydrological processes the global water cycle. Artificial afforestation, as a part of vegetation restoration, was constructed gully erosion areas latosol with objective to prevent erosion. Variations properties soils that have undergone restoration from are not well understood. In this study, we examine variations litter thickness mass, stru...

An interception model that links the temporal variability of rainfall with the storm-based description of the interception process is derived. Analytical formulae for long-term interception loss are obtained for precipitation with statistical characteristics derived from observations. The analysis of the results indicates that the point interception loss is controlled primarily by three time sc...