Incorporating demand-side management (DSM) into residential energy guarantees dynamic electricity in the domain by allowing consumers to make early-informed decisions about their consumption. As a result, power companies can reduce peak demanded and adjust load patterns rather than having build new production transmission units. Consequently, reliability is enhanced, net operating costs are red...

reaching an electricity system which is both economically efficient and environmentally friendly is motivating countries to design and execute different types of tou demand response programs. but there are certain deficiencies which prevent these programs to effectively modify the load shape. smart grid as a means could help the electricity system to reach the highest demand side management ...

energy policy making in the third millennium is summarized in three areas. the first area: moving toward the use of renewable, clean and environment compatible energy, the second area: restructuring in the energy sector, to make it competitive, & finally, the third area is: increasing efficiency in energy consumption. power industry as a growing sub-section of energy sector, especially in recen...

The discussion about substitute fossil driven vehicles by electros has opened questions from a system operation point of view. The focuses are distribution networks due to the expected impact electric vehicles have. The main problem will be load capacity of cables, transmission lines and transformers. Enhancing the grid is critical due to public acceptance and building costs. This Paper deals o...