While tailing and overloading of basic compounds remain problematic on most RP columns, a new kind of positively charged RP column named XCharge C18 was found to be superior good for the separation of alkaloids in our practical use. In this work, the surface charge property of the XCharge C18 column was evaluated by the retention of NO(3)(-) under different pH values and buffer concentrations. ...

• Security margins methods are significantly affected by the load dynamics in a system. Induction motor loads and fast restoring especially important. based on static assessment may provide overly optimistic estimations. dynamic time-consuming, but more accurate. The post-contingency loadability limit (PCLL) secure operating (SOL) two main approaches used when computing security of an electric ...

ABSTRAK Peningkatan kebutuhan listrik tanpa ada penambahan sumber yang terus menerus akan mengakibatkan masalah pada voltage stability. Untuk menyelesaikan tersebut dengan penerapan energi terbarukan memungkinkan adalah model pembangkit tersebar / Distributed Generation (DG). Penyulang Watu Ulo Jember merupakan penyulang kelistrikan 10,03 KV 75 bus bertempat bagian selatan dimana potensi dapat ...

Estimating loadability of a generation and transmission system is of practical importance in power system operations and planning. This paper presents a new formulation for the problem using mathematical programming theory. Both steady-state and dynamic security are taken into account in the proposed formulation. The difference between the proposed formulation and existing ones is that dynamic ...

The loadability enhancement problem with loadability objective is solved in the presence of TCSC and SVC while satisfying system equality and in-equality constraints. It is necessary to solve the optimal power flow in the presence of series and shunt flexible AC transmission system controllers such as thyristor controlled series capacitor and static VAr compensators. The optimal location of the...

We never loaded a long extra high voltage to their thermal limits in order to keep sufficient margin against transient instability. With this scheme proposed in this paper, it is possible to load these lines very near to their thermal limits. Here we inject dc power in to dc transmission line to carry usual ac along with dc superimposed on it. The added power flow does not cause any transient i...

Optimal Location of FACTS devices are very important for the rapid and successful operation because of high cost and circuit complexities. In this paper best location of UPFC (Unified Power Flow Controller) is obtained both for static and transient voltage stability enhancement of an IEEE 14 bus power system. The simulation is done on PSAT (Power System Analysis Tool-box) in MATLAB and optimal ...

Efficient transmission of power is a pressing concern in modern systems as it could relieve additional investments (e.g., right way) and may improve stability. Non-uniform loading lines (which normally occurs due to the inefficient power) lead overloading few lines. These would then be prone voltage instability. However, this problem aggravated under network contingency condition. This paper fo...