objective: parkia biglobossa stem bark decoction is a popular medicinal plant preparation used as calming agent for tensed patients in traditional medicine. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aqueous stem bark extract of parkia biglobossa (aepb) and its active fraction aepbf3 on anxiety, spontaneous alternation behavior, and locomotor activity. the open field apparatus was use...

Biological snakes’ diverse locomotion modes and physiology make them supremely adapted for environment. When their unique movements are broadly classified, the following four gliding modes exist: 1) Serpentine locomotion; 2) Rectilinear locomotion; 3) Concertina locomotion; 4) Side winding locomotion. However, the serpentine locomotion is the movement seen typically in almost all kinds of snake...

The cortical, cerebellar and brainstem BOLD-signal changes have been identified with fMRI in humans during mental imagery of walking. In this study the whole brain activation and deactivation pattern during real locomotion was investigated by [(18)F]-FDG-PET and compared to BOLD-signal changes during imagined locomotion in the same subjects using fMRI. Sixteen healthy subjects were scanned at l...

snake robots are hyper-redundant robots that are connected with one or two dof joints. they offer a number of potential advantages beyond the capabilities of most wheeled and legged robots. in this paper, kinematics and dynamics of a planar multi-link snake robot in worm-like locomotion on an inclined surface is investigated. in this locomotion, snake robot is able to move in the vertical plane...

A modular robot has a distributed mechanical composition which can make various configurations and also make locomotion in a wide variety of configurations. Modular robots are thought to be useful in extreme or unknown environments by adaptively changing their shape and locomotion patterns. As for locomotion, two types can be used; one is whole-body fixed-configuration locomotion and the other ...

in the present study, the effect of apamin (potassium channel blocker) on tolerance to cocaine-induced locomotor activity in mice has been investigated. locomotor activity was measured by locomotor activity meter, animax, type s (lkb, farrad). intraperitoneal (ip) injection of different doses of cocaine (2.5, 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg) produced dose-dependent locomotor activity in mice.animals were tr...