Geant4 simulations were performed to determine electron binding energies in aluminum using two different implementation of the photoelectric effect: G4PotoElectricEffect and G4LowEnergyPhotoElectric. The incident photon energies used in the simulation were 20 eV, 100 eV, 1 keV and 2 keV. The binding energies of the knocked out electrons were calculated as a difference between photon incident en...

This paper describes PDB4DNA, a new Geant4 user application, based on an independent, crossplatform, free and open source C++ library, so-called PDBlib, which enables use of atomic level description of DNA molecule in Geant4 Monte Carlo particle transport simulations. For the evaluation 15 of direct damage induced on the DNA molecule by ionizing particles, the application makes use of an algori...

Abstract The estimate of the total electron yield is fundamental for our understanding test-mass charging associated with cosmic rays in Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) Pathfinder mission and forthcoming gravitational wave observatory LISA. To unveil role low energy electrons this process owing to galactic solar energetic particle events, work we study interaction keV sub-keV a gold s...

New features are added to the Fritiof model implemented in Geant4: a simulation of elastic hadron-nucleon scatterings; a simulation of binary reactions like NN→N∆ in hadron-nucleon interactions; a separate simulation of single diffractive and non-diffractive events; the reggeon theory inspired model of nuclear destruction (RTIM) and the algorithm of “Fermi motion” simulation in nuclear reaction...

Introduction: Spatial dose distribution around the radionuclides sources is required for optimized treatment planning in radioimmunotherapy. At present, the main source of data for cellular dosimetry is the s-values provided by MIRD. However, the MIRD s-values have been calculated based on analytical formula in which no electrons straggling is taken to account. In this study, we used Geant4-DNA...

The development of high-performance radiation detectors is essential for commercial, scientific, and securityapplications [1]. Due to the unique electronic properties of graphene (high-speed, low-noise), recent radiationdetectors utilize graphene field effect transistors to sense charge carriers produced by radiation interactions in agated semiconductor [2]. A study of the energy de...

Introduction: Ionizing radiation is widely used in industry and medicine; however, it causes a significant health hazard by making microscopic damage to living tissue. Various biological parameters, including cell survival fraction and relative biological effectiveness, are taken into account to assess the severity and extent of biological damages. Microdosimetry suffe...

The discovery of DNA strand breaks induced by low energy secondary electrons sparks a necessity to elucidate the mechanism. Through theoretical studies based on a sugar-phosphate-sugar model that mimics a backbone section of the DNA strand, it is found that bond cleavages at 3' or 5'C-O sites after addition of an electron are possible with a ca. 10 kcal/mol activation barrier. Moreover, the pot...