Lutembacher syndrome is a rare combination of atrial septal defect (ASD) and mitral stenosis. Symptoms depend on the size of ASD, extent of mitral stenosis and degree of changes in the pulmonary circulation. Presentation can be due to cardiac failure, atrial arrhythmias, dyspnoea, exercise intolerance, paradoxical emboli or other disease related complications like pulmonary hypertension and inf...

A 43-year-old woman presented with shortness of breath. She developed dyspnea on exertion 6 months prior to presentation, with resting shortness of breath for 2 months. Dyspnea was worse in the upright position. She recently noted that her lips were turning blue in color. Her past medical history was significant for intravenous drug abuse, hepatitis C, and tricuspid valve (TV) endocarditis 3 ye...

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children and young adults in developing countries. It results from throat infection with group A beta hemolytic streptococcus that proceeds to acute rheumatic fever (ARF). We report a 13 years old girl from Darfur presenting with recurrent acute rheumatic fever for 4 years that led to affection of all her heart ...