In this paper, a two-tier cellular wireless network is characterized by overlapping the service area for managing the new calls users having different mobility speed. The overlapping property of the two-tier system provides the advantages that share the traffic load to improve the efficiency of new calls subscriber with guard channels in cell to handle the handoff calls. Using Guard channels, o...

The field of computer supported collaborative learning has evolved an ontology of types of support for group learning. In recent years, conversational agents have been used successfully to realize forms of dynamic micro and macro level script based support for group learning. However, using existing architectures for managing the coordination of these agent-based behaviors (which can vary widel...

Two samples, water extract and blended whole leaves, of fresh Kalanchoe integra leaves (Crassulaceae), a traditional antihypertensive medicine used in Ghana, were analyzed with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy (EDXRF). Analysis revealed 12 macro and 26 micro elements in both extracts. Further quantitative assessment of the results for amounts of elements that are pharmacologica...

Entrepreneurs face a wide variety of uncertainties in managing new or small businesses. Uncertainty can potentially magnify the liability of newness faced by younger businesses, as well as the challenges that smaller businesses face in having adequate resources to maintain performance. Here we present a model of environmental uncertainty tied to industry, geographic and macro-level effects. We ...

We present ByteSTM, a virtual machine-level Java STM implementation that is built by extending the Jikes RVM. ByteSTM implements two STM algorithms, TL2 and RingSTM. We modify Jikes RVM’s Optimizing compiler to transparently support implicit transactions. Being implemented at the VM-level, it accesses memory directly and handles memory uniformly, and avoids Java garbage collection by manually m...

The paper is significant because it addresses an issue very important for society, nitrate in groundwater, as well as it presents and explains methodological approaches to cope with the complexity of this issue in the context of managing it on the macro-level. It is a challenge for research to determine the relationship between policy measures taken to reduce nitrate concentrations in groundwat...

Der Beitrag stellt auf Basis einer ersten empirischen Untersuchung den Status Quo des Geschäftsprozessmanagements (GPM) in der kommunalen Wirtschaftsförderung dar. Obwohl GPM in der öffentlichen Verwaltung ein Instrument von wachsender Bedeutung darstellt, wurde der Bereich kommunaler Selbstverwaltung hierzu bislang wissenschaftlich nicht evaluiert. Die vorliegende qualitative Voruntersuchung b...

In this paper we show how the abstract behaviours of higherorder systems can be modelled as final coalgebras of suitable behavioural functors. These functors have the challenging peculiarity to be circularly defined with their own final coalgebra. Our main contribution is a general construction for defining these functors, solving this circularity which is the essence of higher-order behaviours...

SUMMARY We present a new solution to the tree drawing problem that integrates an excellent tree drawing algorithm into one of the best text processing systems available. More precisely, we present a T E X macro package called TreeT E X that produces drawings of trees from a purely logical description. Our approach has three advantages: labels for nodes can be handled in a reasonable way; portin...

entrepreneurs in many small firms could not be experts in only one specific functional area but are required to operate across the range of management competencies; the applicability of competence-based mtd (management training and development) to the broader roles of entrepreneurs in small businesses is likely to be greater than to the roles of many entrepreneurs in large organizations. compet...