In this paper we develop and test a hybrid multiscale method for coupling atomistic and continuum simulations. Our goal is to bridge the gap on both the time and space scales between the microscopic (atomistic) and macroscopic (continuum) models. A macroscale solver for diffusion equation, here the finite difference scheme, is used on a coarse grid, while Monte Carlo simulation for random walks...

The efficacy of ionic liquids (ILs) as lubricant additives to a model base oil has been probed at the nanoscale and macroscale as a function of IL concentration using the same materials. Silica surfaces lubricated with mixtures of the IL trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate and hexadecane are probed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) (nanoscale) and ball-on-dis...

Photoelectrochemical etching of silicon can be used to form lateral refractive index gradients for transformation optical devices. This technique allows the fabrication of macroscale devices with large refractive index gradients. Patterned porous layers can also be lifted from the substrate and transferred to other materials, creating more possibilities for novel devices.

We present a multiscale model and an adaptive numerical scheme for simulating cardiac action potential propagation along a linear strand of heart muscle cells. This model couples macroscale partial differential equations posed over the tissue to microscale equations posed over discrete cellular geometry. The microscopic equations are used only near action potential wave fronts, and the macrosco...

The information shared among observables representing processes of interest is traditionally evaluated in terms of macroscale measures characterizing aggregate properties of the underlying processes and their interactions. Traditional information measures are grounded on the assumption that the observable represents a memoryless process without any interaction among microstates. Generalized ent...

The first self-consistent simulations of electron acceleration during magnetic reconnection in a macroscale system are presented. Consistent with solar flare observations the spectra energetic electrons take form power-laws that extend more than two decades energy. drive mechanism for these nonthermal is Fermi reflection growing and merging flux ropes. A strong guide field found to suppress pro...