Article history: Received 2 November 2014 Accepted 5 December 2014 Available online 9 December 2014 Communicated by F. Porcelli A version of extended magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) that incorporates electron inertia is obtained by constructing an action principle. Unlike MHD which freezes in magnetic flux, the present theory freezes in an alternative flux related to the electron canonical momentum....