This study investigated the quarrel between pro-and anti-constitutionalist jurists following establishment of first National Consultative Assembly (Majlis) in Iran and drafting constitution 1906. A group shi῾ite launched an attack on Majlis, addition to ideas human legislation, freedom, equality, by considering Islamic Sharī῾a law be a set perfect impeccable laws. In response these oppositions,...

Abstract Majlis sermons are a cornerstone of Shiʾa ritual, and the online growth this practice, mostly as videos, poses challenges for majlis preachers audiences. This article explores Dutch Shiʾas’ experiences majalis ethnographically considers how they vary offline. Practitioners seek authentication in – meaningful, truthful, emotional legitimising experiences. aim to create authentication. t...

Marriage is a basic principle for society to continuoing social life or household life, legal descendants and the destruction of man women desires. A new couple marriage meets hope their will be harmonious. One pillars shighat (Ijab qabul), which must Ittihadul Majlis (united in seats majlis) on Syafi’I School. The Ulama are relatively different providing concepts /opinions about this matter. T...

Gauromydas Wilcox, Papavero & Pimentel, 1989 are giant flies, and include the largest fly known, G. heros (Perty, 1833). This genus was originally erected to group four Neotropical species, namely G. apicalis (Wiedemann, 1830), G. autuorii (d'Andretta, 1951), G. heros, and G. mystaceus (Wiedemann, 1830). As with most of the remaining Mydidae, adults of Gauromydas are very rarely collected. We h...

New high quality Keck and ESO images of PKS 1830–211 are presented. Applying a powerful new deconvolution algorithm to this optical and infrared data, both images of the flat spectrum core of the radio source have been identified. An extended source is also detected in the optical images, consistent with the expected location of the lensing galaxy. The source counterparts are very red at I − K ...

The first checklist of the Tephritidae of Morocco, containing 59 species, is presented here. Out of 38 species collected during the present project, three (Campiglossa martii (Becker, 1908), Tephritis divisa (Rondani, 1871), and Terellia sp. near longicauda) present new records for North Africa, and ten (Carpomya incompleta (Becker, 1903), Chaetorellia conjuncta (Becker, 1913), Chetostoma curvi...