The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an emerging novel biometric for human identification. One challenge for the practical use of ECG as a biometric is minimizing the time needed to acquire user data. We present a methodology for identity verification that quantifies the minimum number of heartbeats required to authenticate an enrolled individual. The approach rests on the statistical theory of seque...

Downloa development of molecular markers is crucial for improving therapy in advanced non-small cell ancer (NSCLC). Here, we review perspectives of biomarker-driven personalized therapy in NSCLC, articular reference to the detection of EML4-ALK gene rearrangements. Different molecular assays, with p validation, and clinical application to different types of tissue specimens are discussed. Clin ...

Practical estimation procedures for local linear estimation of an unrestricted failure rate when more information is available than just time are developed. This extra information could be a covariate and this covariate could be a time series. Time dependent covariates are sometimes called markers, and failure rates are sometimes called hazards, intensities or mortalities. It is shown through s...

The current generation of biologic markers have three characteristics that differentiate them from previous ones. These include the ability to detect xenobiotics at concentrations at the cellular and molecular level, to detect earlier biologic changes presumptive of disease or disease risk, and to identify a detailed continuum of events between an exposure and resultant disease. If biomarkers a...

By many accounts, the brave new worlds of genomics and proteomics— and their accompanying technologies— have ushered in a new era of cancer biomarker research. Researchers in cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatment all have a vested interest in discovering these proteins and small molecules that are telltale signs of early cancer, characteristics that make a type of cancer unique, or markers...

BACKGROUND Recent biotechnological developments have resulted in increasing interest in immunology biomarkers. These biomarkers have potential clinical utility in the near future as predictors of treatment response. Hence, clinical validation of these predictive markers is critical. FINDINGS The process of clinically validating a predictive biomarker is reviewed. Validation of a predictive bi...