With the advent of our ability to clone and express a foreign gene in the heterologous host, came a remarkable capability to make almost any protein in abundant quantity to be used as therapeutic or diagnostic agents. It quickly led to the realization that proteins made in different hosts are different in many ways, particularly in their post-translation modifications. In this review a variety ...

UNLABELLED The evolutionary analysis of presence and absence profiles (phyletic patterns) is widely used in biology. It is assumed that the observed phyletic pattern is the result of gain and loss dynamics along a phylogenetic tree. Examples of characters that are represented by phyletic patterns include restriction sites, gene families, introns and indels, to name a few. Here, we present a use...

MOTIVATION Recent large-scale studies of individuals within a population have demonstrated that there is widespread variation in copy number in many gene families. In addition, there is increasing evidence that the variation in gene copy number can give rise to substantial phenotypic effects. In some cases, these variations have been shown to be adaptive. These observations show that a full und...

Rehabilitation of a highly resorbed mandibular ridge can be a difficult and challenging one. Making an impression with available stock trays, even after modification is difficult in case of extremely resorbed ridges. In such cases, an innovative technique of making impression with properly adapted wire and silicone putty can be used to make a proper impression to achieve maximum retention and s...

in recent research on modelling road collisions very little attention has been paid  to rear-end chain reaction collisions, which is characterized by more than two vehicles involved in a collision at the same time. the core aim of the present research is to develop a methodology to estimate such potential collision probabilities based on a proactive perspective, where deceleration rate to avoid...