A two-week mission in March and April of 2011 sent six team members to the Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS). MDRS, a research facility in the high Utah desert, provides an analogue for the harsh and unusual working conditions that will be faced by men and women who one day explore Mars. During the mission a selection of quantitative and qualitative psychological tests were administered to th...

In recent years, combinations of pharmacological treatments have become common for the treatment of bipolar disorder type I (BP I); however, this practice is usually not evidence-based and rarely considers monotherapy drug regimen (MDR) as an option in the treatment of acute phases of BP I. Therefore, we evaluated comparative data of commonly prescribed MDRs for both manic and depressive phases...

Plant antimicrobials are not used as systemic antibiotics at present. The main reason for this is their low level of activity, especially against gram-negative bacteria. The reported MIC is often in the range of 100 to 1,000 micro g/ml, orders of magnitude higher than those of common broad-spectrum antibiotics from bacteria or fungi. Major plant pathogens belong to the gram-negative bacteria, w...

The collective execution of a single task, such as foraging or clustering, has received considerable research attention in the minimalist distributed robotic systems (MDRS) community. In contrast, achievement of sequential tasks by MDRS has so far been considered in only a handful of studies. Sequential task execution requires a collective system to carry out a task, and then, in a coordinated ...

There are several approaches to quantum gravitational corrections of black hole thermodynamics. String theory and loop quantum gravity, by direct analysis on the basis of quantum properties of black holes, show that in the entropy-area relation the leading order correction should be of log-area type. On the other hand, generalized uncertainty principle(GUP) and modified dispersion relations(MDR...

Screening for depressive disorders in men may be complicated by traditional male role norms. The Male Depression Risk Scale (MDRS) was developed to aid screening depression adhering norms and facilitate identification of general promote treatment uptake. Validation a German version the MDRS examination its potential predict clinical characteristics. In an anonymous online survey comprising 1605...

BACKGROUND Apathy and depression are important neuropsychiatric disorders that can occur after a stroke but the etiology and risk factors are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for apathy and depression following a stroke. METHODS Patients with an acute stroke who met the inclusion criteria were recruited from our hospital, and general information was ...

Abstract This article focuses on the long‐term effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) in less developed regions (LDRs). It identifies different types and mechanisms FDI more (MDRs) LDRs, which lead to regional development outcomes. critically evaluates most important approaches LDRs economic geography, namely branch plant economy truncation, new regionalism, international division labor spa...

Introduction: Although socioeconomic status (SES) resources influence population and individual health behaviors, socially marginalized groups gain significantly less health from their SES indicators, such as education and income, compared to the socially privileged groups. This pattern is called marginalization-related diminished returns (MDRs). However, most of the MDRs liter...

PURPOSE To assess the rate of change of visual field (VF) mean deviation (MD) in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS). METHODS OHTS data were filtered to exclude eyes that had fewer than 10 reliable VFs or less than 5 years of follow-up or that reached a nonglaucomatous endpoint. The rate of change of MD (MDR) was calculated for each eye. Differences were sought between groups of ey...