BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to assess and document the dimensions of the normal spleen measured on computed tomography (CT) images with the normal splenic volume measured by Cavalieri principle on CT images and thereby serve as a baseline for comparison in cases of splenomegaly using abdominal CT. To investigate the relationship between these changes and body mass index, gender, abdomin...

BACKGROUND It has been recently shown that, when breathing at rest, many patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contract abdominal muscles during expiration, and that this contraction is an important determinant of positive end expiratory alveolar pressure (PEEPi). In this study the effects of acute bronchoconstriction on abdominal muscle recruitment in patients with ...

In soils under wheat cultivation, soil aggregates stability is increased and destructive effects of erosion decreased, due to organic matters (OM) application. This trail was conducted in Shavoor agriculture research station to determine of mean weight diameter (MWD) under different organic matter sources and amounts in Khuzestan province (at south west of Iran) via a split plot experiment base...

Abstract Purpose To examine the association of maternal bone markers [sclerostin, soluble receptor activator nuclear factor-?B ligand (sRANKL), osteocalcin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3] with fetal intra-abdominal and subcutaneous adipose tissue deposition birthweight during normal pregnancy. Methods One hundred pregnant women (aged 30.4 ± 5.6 years, mean SD) prepregnancy body mass index = 24.1 4.6 kg/...

Background: We evaluated endoscopic treatment of ureter stones with a holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser (Ho: YAG) lithotripter and an electrokinetic lithotripter (EKL) in children. Methods: Patients with ureteral stones, admitted to the pediatric surgery department of our hospital between November 2011 and January 2015, were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic data, initial symptoms, ag...

After successful surgical repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, patients have for many years an increased risk of death from cardiovascular causes. We have tested the hypothesis that for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms, the risk of nonaneurysm cardiovascular mortality before and after surgery increased with aneurysm diameter. Records of aneurysm repair or rupture and mortality were a...

OBJECTIVES This research aims to study how carotid atherosclerosis is related to growth of infrarenal aortic diameter and aneurysmal formation. DESIGN Population-based follow-up study. MATERIALS AND METHODS At baseline, ultrasound examination of the carotid artery and the abdominal aorta was performed in 4241 persons from a general population with no evidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (A...

It is well-known that the second smallest eigenvalue 22 of the difference Laplacian matrix of a graph G is related to the expansion properties of G. A more detailed analysis of this relation is given. Upper and lower bounds on the diameter and the mean distance in G in terms of 22 are derived.