OBJECTIVES To compare clinical and functional outcomes after operative and nonoperative treatment of undisplaced, unstable, isolated fibula fractures. DESIGN Randomized multicenter clinical trial. SETTING Six level 1 trauma centers. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS Eighty-one patients with undisplaced, unstable, isolated fibula fractures as confirmed by an external rotation stress examination demons...

The calcar femorale is a vertical plate of bone lying deep to the lesser trochanter and is formed as a result of traction of the iliopsoas which separates the femoral cortex into two distinct layers, the calcar femorale and the medial femoral cortex. They fuse together proximally to form the medial femoral neck. A stem placed centrally will abut against the calcar femorale with little or no spa...

The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between patellar alignment by using magnetic resonance imaging images and radiographic manifestations of patello-femoral osteoarthritis (OA). Subjects were recruited to participate in a natural history study of symptomatic knee OA. We examined the relation of patellar alignment in the sagittal plane (patellar length ratio (PLR)) and the trans...

BACKGROUND Throwing athletes risk medial elbow injury from extreme valgus stress generated across the medial elbow during throwing. Braces have been developed to protect the elbow joint; however, no previous study has investigated the effects of elbow bracing on medial elbow joint space gapping associated with repetitive throwing. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigat...

In the nodulus and ventral uvula of pigeons, there are four parasagittal zones containing Purkinje cells responsive to patterns of optic flow that results from self-translation along a particular axis in three-dimensional space. By using a three-axis system to describe the preferred direction of translational optic flow, where +X, +Y, and +Z represent rightward, upward, and forward self-motion,...

Objectives: According to the Lauge-Hansen classification, supination external-rotation (SER) type 4 fractures should be accompanied by medial malleolar fracture or deltoid ligament injury. The aim of study was investigate insufficiency rates in postoperative weight-bearing radiographs SER bimalleolar fractures. Methods: files patients who were operated with diagnosis ankle between 2017-2020 eva...

Background: Assessing the reduction of syndesmosis is highly recommended due to complications occurring after malreduction syndesmosis. This study evaluated post-operative Computed Tomography (CT) scans and standard plain radiographs for assessing post-operatively. Objectives: Evaluating radiologic assessments Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 45 patients presented with ankle fractur...