The recently available capability for the free-form milling of gears of various gear types and sizes — all within one manufacturing system — is becoming increasingly recognized as a flexible machining process for gears. This paper addresses the manufacturing and quality of gears made by free-form milling, with an added focus on the specific process properties of the parts. Finally, the potentia...

The mechanochemical Knoevenagel condensation of malononitrile with p-nitrobenzaldehyde was studied in situ using a tandem approach. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were combined to yield time-resolved information on the milling process. Under solvent-free conditions, the reaction leads to a quantitative conversion to p-nitrobenzylidenemalononitrile within 50 minutes. The in situ data i...

Ion beam milling has become a widespread specimen preparation technique for non-biological materials over the last two decades, particularly for cross-sectional and plan-view transmission electron microscope (TEM) specimens. The basic principle of ion milling involves bombarding a specimen with energetic ions or neutral atoms acclerated and formed into a tightly focused ion beam. Material is sp...

Milling is the mechanical process of removing material from a piece of stock through the use of a rapidly spinning circular milling tool in order to form some desired geometric shape. An important problem in computer-aided design and manufacturing is the automated generation of efficient milling plans for computerized numerically controlled (CNC) milling machines. Among the most common milling ...

The adaptive constant control for the cutting process is an effective way to improve the productivity of the Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling machine. This control is achieved through adjusting the feed rate online, and many scholars has been concentrated in the field. However, in of the existing adaptive constant control algorithms, the controller parameters are tuned only depends on t...

An autonomous machine tool has been developed to solve fundamental issues with the current command method using NC programs, and some key technologies for its realization have been devised. In the process planning system, various process plans are prepared, and the appropriate process plan can be selected to achieve flexible machining operations. Digital Copy Milling, digitizing the principle o...

This paper presents a volume-based haptic rendering method for a haptic shape modeling system based on simulated milling process. Previous proposals on point-based and ray-based haptic rendering methods cannot provide the force feedback in a milling process. The method proposed in this paper adopts a volumetric force model in material removal process. The force is calculated based on the relati...

A method and apparatus are presented for five-axis NC milling process simulation and dimensional verification. An algorithm is utilized which employs a dexel representation of the workpiece and milling tool to reduce the complexity of the solid representation and associated Boolean operations. This representation is exploited to obtain high computational efficiency which affords real-time visua...

In pharmaceutical industries, most active pharmaceutical ingredients are poorly water soluble, and therefore milling processes are important to obtain fine particles that can be easily dissolved in the body. However, the main purpose of milling is micronization of particles. From the viewpoint of fine particle preparation in the formulation process, milling has not been investigated sufficientl...