Deletions within the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) have been repeatedly observed in photoaged skin and purported as a marker of photoaging. The is implicated many important cellular functions through regulation metabolome; thus mtDNA mutations are an appealing target to prevent or reverse aging-induced loss function. However, methodological limitations prevented complete understanding deletions,...

Mitochondrial cytopathies are caused by genetic alterations of nuclear- or mitochondrial-encoded genes involved in the synthesis of subunits of the electron transport chain. Mutations of mitochondrial DNA are associated with a wide range of clinical presentations [1-4]. The ubiquitous nature of mitochondria and the role of the mitochondria in cellular metabolism result in the potential for any ...

A child was referred for an audiologic evaluation, to include auditory brainstem evoked response testing, due to inconsistent responses to sound and delayed speech and language development. Results were characteristic of auditory neuropathy. In view of subsequent decline in motor function, a genetics evaluation was conducted, revealing a mitochondrial disorder. A brief overview of mitochondrial...

Eleven published articles (4 reviews, 7 research papers) are collected in the Special Issue entitled “Organelle Genetics Plants.” This selection of papers covers a wide range topics related to chloroplasts and plant mitochondria research: (i) organellar gene expression (OGE) and, more specifically, chloroplast RNA editing soybean, editing, intron splicing soybean during nodulation, as well stud...

Abstract Molecular techniques are powerful tools that can address many research problems in insect ecology. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a widely used molecular marker. It easy to use and has favorable biological properties, such as near-neutrality, lack of recombination, clock-like evolutionary rate. However, there some issues involved when using mtDNA data population genetics, species delimit...

The small, maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has turned out to be a Pandora's box of pathogenic mutations: 13 years into the era of "molecular mitochondrial medicine," more than 100 pathogenic point mutations and innumerable rearrangements have been associated with a striking variety of multisystemic as well as tissue-specific human diseases. After reviewing the principles of mitoc...

Introduction: The Mitochondrion and Its Genome ............................................................ 1 The Human Mitochondrial Genome ................................................................................... 3 The D-loop and Human Population Genetics ..................................................................... 4 Mitochondrial DNA and Recent Human History .................