The study of health effects induced by exposure to mixtures of pollutants is a complex task. The purpose of this paper is to identify areas of research in which the conduct of human controlled exposure (clinical) studies may contribute to better understanding health effects of exposure to indoor air and other mixtures. The strengths and weaknesses of clinical studies in general are reviewed, as...

Microfluidic design has advanced existing protein separation capabilities and supported novel assays. Key metrics for successful protein separations include fast, robust, and sensitive analysis of complex mixtures of bio-macromolecules. Attaining high separation resolution is a chief concern. Here we review recent advances in polymer-based electrophoresis sieving materials that are impacting mi...

Sufficient toxicological data are now available to permit use of conventional risk assessment techniques to estimate the hazards associated with human exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD). However, many real-world exposures involve complex mixtures of dibenzodioxins, dibenzofurans, and related compounds. Historical approaches to risk assessment on such mixtures have ra...

air cooled blast furnace slag is a by product made of gradually air cooled molten blast furnace slag, and is often stored in stockpiles near the iron mills and usually occupy a wide area around the iron mills. from this perspective the further use of these materials can have its own merits. air cooled blast furnace slag can be used in asphalt mixtures because of their proper frictional properti...

in this study, artificial neural network was used to predict the surface tension of 20 hydrocarbon mixtures. experimental data was divided into two parts (70% for training and 30% for testing). optimal configuration of the network was obtained with minimization of prediction error on testing data. the accuracy of our proposed model was compared with four well-known empirical equations. the arti...

This paper investigates the effects of nonazeotropic refrigerant mixtures (NARMs) as replacement of CFCs. The thermodynamic propert1es of NARM R22/R142b which is harmless to ozone layer are analyzed. The tests about water-to-water heat pump and dual-evaporator refrigerator-freezer using R22/R142b as alternative to R12 are introduced. The test results show R22/Rl42b is of energy conserving effec...

We applied a mechanistically based model to predict the effects of complex mixtures as occurring in the field on the survival of Daphnia magna. We validated the model by comparing predicted survival with observed survival of in situ exposed laboratory cultured daphnids to polluted surface waters, in which over 90 chemical contaminants were measured. Using the chemical composition of the surface...

Targeted mass spectrometry comprises a set of methods able to quantify protein analytes in complex mixtures with high accuracy and sensitivity. These methods, e.g., Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) and SWATH MS, use specific mass spectrometric coordinates (assays) for reproducible detection and quantification of proteins. In this protocol, we describe how to analyze, in a targeted manner, dat...

the present study investigates the possibility of using poloxamers as solubility and dissolution rate enhancing agents of poorly water soluble bioactive constituent patchouli alcohol (pa) that can be used for the preparation of immediate release pellets formulation. two commercially available grades poloxamer 188 (p 188) and poloxamer 407 (p 407) were selected, and solid dispersions (sds) conta...

Work on energy use in buildings – in university research, professional practice and government – has tended to draw a broad distinction between ‘the domestic stock’ and ‘the non-domestic stock’. A further tendency has been to focus attention on types of non-domestic buildings devoted to single uses (e.g. offices, shops or hospitals). This paper reports an empirical research programme in which t...