due to increasing importance of desertification challenges and its consequences the necessity of sustainabledevelopment achievement in arid and semi-arid regions is essential in order to avoid limited sources asting, increase the efficiency of controlling, reclamation and restoration projects of natural areas. based on the iterature review, it has been recognized that combating desertification ...

abstractone challenge face political system is implementation national development. there are various models for national development. some countries have relied on import model, but other has emphasis on their indigenous, the purpose of this study is designing intelligence development model in iranian national context. based on the selected theory building methodology, we have theorized intell...

regarding the necessity of regional integrated development, analyzing the dependency of human habitats in region-level, is the main duty in every planning. therefore, deprivation and inequality reduction is an important matter, due to its economic and social consequences and needs proper attention. in fact, to achieve comprehensive development and progress in the future; requires the recognitio...

due to increasing importance of desertification challenges and its consequences the necessity of sustainabledevelopment achievement in arid and semi-arid regions is essential in order to avoid limited sources asting, increase the efficiency of controlling, reclamation and restoration projects of natural areas. based on the iterature review, it has been recognized that combating desertification ...

the issue of sustainable development has been widely acknowledged and spread rapidly after united nations conference on environment and development in rio in 1992. considerable attention is given to urban settlement areas. thus, role of urban development is seen as a challenging issue under circumstances. outcomes of the current patterns of world population growth and industrial development are...

urban management in any context has a different economic, social and political structure, which is in harmony with the existing models of organization. in spite of these differences, in order to reach a sustainable urban development, several different conferences should be referred to. in the “brundtland commission 1987” about urban sustainable development these definitions have been given: “pr...

Highways and in particular their pavements are the fundamental components of the road network. They require continuous maintenance since they deteriorate due to changing traffic and environmental conditions. Monitoring methods and efficient pavement management systems are needed for optimizing maintenance operations. Pavement performance prediction models are useful tools for determining the op...

introduction: helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) is a gastric pathogen of primates and causes active chronic gastritis as well as peptic ulcers. a wide range of studies is in effect to prevent or cure helicobacter infection and thus its associated disorders. in order to test various drug regimens as well as potential vaccines against h. pylori infection, a suitable animal model is required which s...