The electrical conductivity (EC) of soil is generally measured after soil extraction, so this method cannot represent the in situ EC of soil (e.g., EC of soils with different moisture contents) and therefore lacks comparability in some cases. Using a resistance measurement apparatus converted from a configuration of soil microbial fuel cell, the in situ soil EC was evaluated according to the Oh...

MODELING THE EFFECT OF WATER ACTIVITY ON THERMAL RESISTANCE OF SALMONELLA IN WHEAT FLOUR By Danielle F. Smith Salmonella is able to survive in low-moisture environments, is known to be more heat resistant as product water activity decreases, and recently has been implicated in several outbreaks and/or recalls associated with low-moisture foods. Therefore, the specific objectives were to: (1) Ev...

cumin (cuminum cyminum) is an annual suitable for the dry and semi-dry areas of iran. recently, farmers have chosen to plant cumin because it requires less water and growth time. however, at harvest time, the resistance of cumin seed to shatter is low and, if careful attention is not paid to this fact, a major portion of the crop can be lost. when the connection force of the seed decreases, see...

Dry particle coating is used to enhance the moisture resistance of ground magnesium powder (primary size 75 Am) by coating its surface with carnuba wax (primary size 15 Am). Coating was done using magnetically assisted impact coating (MAIC), and two high-speed impaction-coating devices, the hybridizer and mechanofusion. The uncoated and coated samples are characterized by scanning electron micr...

Pearl millet is one of the most important cereals grown in drought-prone areas and is the staple grain for million of people in West Africa and India. Breeding for drought-prone environments is constrained by lack of suitable selection indices of drought stress resistance. The present study is conducted to determine the reliability of in vitro screening method for initiating drought breeding pr...

during the past two decades the use of lignocellouse fibers in reinforcing composites has attracted much research activities. in the present work, date palm fiber was used for production of composites compatible withliving environment. the fibers were pre-treated chemically to remove impurities. in order to verify and compare the effectiveness of the pretreatment methods, lignin, ash, moisture ...

The present paper reports a detailed study on heat and moisture vapour transmission characteristics of different types of multilayered fabric ensembles. Two sets of multilayered fabrics have been prepared. In first set, two types of carded web produced from acrylic and polyester fibres with five different areal densities in each fibre type have been used as middle layer. In second set, differen...

for a determination of soil characteristics one should have access to instruments that can measure these characteristics, including: soil penetration resistance with high accuracy. one of the accurate instruments commonly employed in soil penetration determinations is cone penetrometer. this apparatus, by measuring soil cone index at different soil depths can provide useful about information ab...