The HER family of receptor tyrosine kinases, including EGF receptor (EGFR), HER2, HER3, and HER4, transduce growth-promoting signals in response to ligand binding to their extracellular domains (ECD). This family is deregulated in numerous cancers, withmutations in EGFR andHER2 often serving as "driver" events to activate key growth factor signaling pathways such as the RAS-ERK and PI3K-AKT pat...

nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale which may exert a revolutionary impact on cancer diagnosis and therapy. nanotechnology is being applied to cancer in two broad areas: i) the development of nanovectors such as nanoparticles which can be loaded with drugs or imaging agents and then targeted to tumours, and ii) high-throughput nanosensor devices for de...

Major advances in molecular biology, cellular biology and genomics have substantially improved our understanding of cancer. Now, these advances are being translated into therapy. Targeted therapy directed at specific molecular alterations is already creating a shift in the treatment of cancer patients. Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common brain cancer of adults, is highly suited for this new app...

The HER family of receptor tyrosine kinases, including EGF receptor (EGFR), HER2, HER3, and HER4, transduce growth-promoting signals in response to ligand binding to their extracellular domains (ECD). This family is deregulated in numerous cancers, with mutations in EGFR and HER2 often serving as "driver" events to activate key growth factor signaling pathways such as the RAS-ERK and PI3K-AKT p...

A constant increase in occurrence of neoplasms is observed; hence new methods of therapy are being intensively researched. One of the methods of antineoplastic treatment is molecular targeted therapy, which aims to influence individual processes occurring in cells. Using this type of medications is associated with unwanted effects resulting from the treatment. Liver damage is a major adverse ef...

Colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) are common and found in almost 50% of patients with colorectal cancer. Surgical resection has proved to be the most effective therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer isolated to the liver and has yielded long term survival. However, recurrence frequently occurs within the remaining liver as well as at extra-hepatic sites. The role of adjuvant therapy h...

Molecular-focused cancer therapies, e.g., molecularly targeted therapy and immunotherapy, so far demonstrate only limited efficacy in cancer patients. We hypothesize that underestimating the role of biophysical factors that impact the delivery of drugs or cytotoxic cells to the target sites (for associated preferential cytotoxicity or cell signaling modulation) may be responsible for the poor c...