A naive extension to MOND of the standard computation of the two-body relaxation time t2b implies that t2b is comparable to the crossing time regardless of the number N of stars in the system. This computation is questionable in view of the non-linearity of MOND’s field equation. A non-standard approach to the calculation of t2b is developed that can be extended to MOND whenever discreteness no...

I briefly highlight the salient properties of modified-inertia formulations of MOND, contrasting them with those of modified-gravity formulations, which describe practically all theories propounded to date. Future data (e.g. the establishment of the Pioneer anomaly as a new physics phenomenon) may prefer one of these broad classes of theories over the other. I also outline some possible startin...

the rotation curves of a sample of 46 low- and high-surface brightness galaxies are considered in the context of milgrom's modi_ed dynamics (mond) to test a new interpolating function proposed by zhao et al. (2010) [1] and compare with the results of simple interpolating function. the predicted rotation curves are calculated from the total baryonic matter based on the b-band surface photometry,...

The recent findings of Romanowsky et al., of an “unexpectedly” small mass discrepancy within 5 effective radii in several elliptical galaxies, are not surprising in the context of MOND. As we show here, they are, in fact, in full concordance with its predictions. One is dealing with high-surface-density galaxies with mean accelerations rather larger than the acceleration constant of MOND. These...

Fritz John and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type optimality conditions for a nondifferentiable multiobjective variational problem are derived. As an application of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type optimality conditions, Mond-weir type second-order nondifferentiable multiobjective dual variational problems is constructed. Various duality results for the pair of Mond-Weir type second-order dual variational problems...

The recent findings of Romanowsky et al., of a “surprisingly” small mass discrepancy within 5 effective radii in several elliptical galaxies, are not surprising in the context of MOND. As we show here, they are, in fact, in full concordance with its predictions. One is dealing with high-surface-density galaxies with mean accelerations rather larger than the acceleration constant of MOND. These ...

A sample of 197 X-ray emitting clusters of galaxies is considered in the context of Milgrom’s modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). It is shown that the gas mass, extrapolated via an assumed β model to a fixed radius of 3 Mpc, is correlated with the gas temperature as predicted by MOND (Mg ∝ T ). The observed temperatures are generally consistent with the inferred mass of hot gas; no substantial ...

The properties of the recently discovered Ultra-Compact Dwarf Galaxies (UCDs) show that their internal acceleration of gravity is everywhere above a0, the MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) constant of gravity. MOND therefore makes the strong prediction that no mass discrepancy should be observed for this class of objects. This is confirmed by the few UCDs for which virial masses were derived. ...