AIM A comparison study was conducted to explore the best internationally available adjuvant that could be used in production of a highly potent foot and mouth disease (FMD) vaccine, that could stimulate a strong immune response and possibly give greater protection against FMD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four experimental batches of trivalent FMD vaccine were prepared with different available oil a...

This study aimed to investigate the antibody responses in mice immunized with Gnathostoma spinigerum crude antigen (GsAg) incorporated with the combined adjuvant, a synthetic oligonucleotide containing unmethylated CpG motif (CpG ODN 1826) and a stable water in oil emulsion (Montanide ISA720). Mice immunized with GsAg and combined adjuvant produced all antibody classes and subclasses to GsAg ex...

Avian Influenza (AI) is causing heavy economic losses in domestic poultry all over the world. It is caused by a highly pathogenic virus H5N1. The present study was aimed at assessing the quality control parameters during the process of vaccine production. The virus was recovered from lungs, trachea and fecal contents of the infected birds in chicken embryos. Binary ethylenimine (5mM) inactivate...

conclusions our results demonstrated that r-fla-a could induce cellular and humoral immune response as proper stimulant of poly-isotypic humoral responses. results immunized mice with adjuvanted flagellin showed a considerably increased lymphocyte proliferation compared with the control group (p = 0.004). high level of il-4 and ifn-γ secretion was observed in immunized mice compared with the co...

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: October 20, 2014 August 18, 2015 September 01, 2015 December 31, 2015 To inactivate locally isolated Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), phenol, formaldehyde and binary ethylenimine were optimized for their concentrations and exposure time. Their effect on immunoprophylaxis induction was then assessed by using different levels of immunogen/PCV and diffe...

Abstract BACKGROUND Newly diagnosed glioblastoma (nGBM) has a dismal prognosis with survival of 15-18 months. Tumor associated “survivin” protein is expressed in >95% nGBM and targetable the use SurVaxM, shown to be effective at generating cytotoxic T lymphocytes. METHODS patients are being enrolled this randomized placebo-controlled trial phase II study. Eligibility Criteria includes ag...

The C-terminal conserved region of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 3 (MSP3) is the trigger antigen of a protective immune response mediated by cytophilic antibodies. In an open, randomized, two-adjuvant (Montanide ISA 720, aluminum hydroxide) phase I clinical trial we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of increasing doses of a long synthetic peptide construct spanning the c...

Methane is produced in the rumen of ruminant livestock by methanogens and is a major contributor to agricultural greenhouse gases. Vaccination against ruminal methanogens could reduce methane emissions by inducing antibodies in saliva which enter the rumen and impair ability of methanogens to produce methane. Presently, it is not known if vaccination can induce sufficient amounts of antibody in...